Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China.
ACS Nano. 2022 Sep 27;16(9):13323-13338. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04550. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Ion pumps are important membrane-spanning transporters that pump ions against the electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane. In biological systems, ion pumping is essential to maintain intracellular osmotic pressure, to respond to external stimuli, and to regulate physiological activities by consuming adenosine triphosphate. In recent decades, artificial ion pumping systems with diverse geometric structures and functions have been developing rapidly with the progress of advanced materials and nanotechnology. In this Review, bioinspired artificial ion pumps, including four categories: asymmetric structure-driven ion pumps, pH gradient-driven ion pumps, light-driven ion pumps, and electron-driven ion pumps, are summarized. The working mechanisms, functions, and applications of those artificial ion pumping systems are discussed. Finally, a brief conclusion of underpinning challenges and outlook for future research are tentatively discussed.
离子泵是一种重要的跨膜转运蛋白，能逆电化学梯度将离子泵入细胞膜。在生物系统中，离子泵对于维持细胞内渗透压、对外界刺激做出响应以及通过消耗三磷酸腺苷来调节生理活动至关重要。在最近几十年，随着先进材料和纳米技术的进步，具有多种几何结构和功能的人工离子泵系统发展迅速。本综述总结了受生物启发的人工离子泵，包括四类：不对称结构驱动的离子泵、pH 梯度驱动的离子泵、光驱动的离子泵和电子驱动的离子泵。讨论了这些人工离子泵送系统的工作机制、功能和应用。最后，简要讨论了潜在的挑战和未来研究的展望。
