Department of Health Management Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024;64(4):1043-1051. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2113360. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Green tea is related to the reduction of liver enzymes, lipoprotein, and body mass index. However, some reports related green tea to the risk of developing liver cancer, but their outcomes were conflicting. Hence, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between green tea intake and lipoprotein, liver enzymes, body mass index, and liver cancer.
A systematic literature search up to January 2022 was performed and 22 studies with a total of 169599 subjects participated in the studies with 97316 subjects of them used green tea intake. Odds ratio (OR) or standardized mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated to evaluate the relationship between green tea intake and lipoprotein, liver enzymes, body mass index, and liver cancer using the dichotomous or the contentious method with a random effect model.
Green tea intake significantly lowered the risk of developing liver cancer (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.97, = 0.02), and body mass index (MD, -0.69; 95% CI, -0.95to -0.42, < 0.001) compared to no green tea intake. Also, there was a significant lowering effect of green tea intake on liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (MD, -0.65; 95% CI, -0.92 to -0.38, < 0.001), and aspartate aminotransferase (MD, -0.77; 95% CI, -1.40 to -0.14, = 0.02) compared to no green tea intake. There was also a significant lowering effect of green tea intake on lipoprotein including triglycerides (MD, -0.70; 95% CI, -1.35 to -0.04, = 0.04), total cholesterol (MD, -0.39; 95% CI, -0.74 to -0.04, = 0.03) and law-density lipoprotein (MD, -0.44; 95% CI, -0.69- -0.19, < 0.001) compared to no green tea intake. However, no significant different was found between green tea intake and no green tea intake on high-density lipoprotein (MD, 0.16; 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.44, = 0.24).
Based on this meta-analysis, green tea intake had a significant lowering effect on the risk of developing liver cancer and had a significantly improving effect on body mass index, liver enzymes, and lipoprotein compared to no green tea intake. These results suggest that green tea may be added to the daily dietary program to improve cardiovascular status with no possible risk of liver cancer. It even may have a protecting effect against liver cancer in the usual daily number of cups.
绿茶与肝酶、脂蛋白和体重指数的降低有关。然而，一些关于绿茶与肝癌风险增加的报告结果相互矛盾。因此，本研究旨在确定绿茶摄入量与脂蛋白、肝酶、体重指数和肝癌之间的关系。
系统检索截至 2022 年 1 月的文献，并对 22 项研究进行了分析，共纳入 169599 名受试者，其中 97316 名受试者使用了绿茶摄入量。采用二分类或争议性方法，随机效应模型计算比值比（OR）或标准化均数差（MD）及其 95%置信区间（CI），以评估绿茶摄入量与脂蛋白、肝酶、体重指数和肝癌之间的关系。
与不饮用绿茶相比，饮用绿茶可显著降低肝癌（OR，0.85；95%CI，0.74 至 0.97， = 0.02）和体重指数（MD，-0.69；95%CI，-0.95 至-0.42， < 0.001）的发病风险。此外，与不饮用绿茶相比，饮用绿茶可显著降低丙氨酸氨基转移酶（MD，-0.65；95%CI，-0.92 至-0.38， < 0.001）和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（MD，-0.77；95%CI，-1.40 至-0.14， = 0.02）等肝酶的水平。饮用绿茶还可显著降低脂蛋白，包括甘油三酯（MD，-0.70；95%CI，-1.35 至-0.04， = 0.04）、总胆固醇（MD，-0.39；95%CI，-0.74 至-0.04， = 0.03）和低密度脂蛋白（MD，-0.44；95%CI，-0.69 至-0.19， < 0.001）的水平。然而，与不饮用绿茶相比，饮用绿茶对高密度脂蛋白（MD，0.16；95%CI，-0.11 至 0.44， = 0.24）没有显著差异。
基于本荟萃分析，与不饮用绿茶相比，饮用绿茶可显著降低肝癌发病风险，并显著改善体重指数、肝酶和脂蛋白水平。这些结果表明，绿茶可能被添加到日常饮食计划中，以改善心血管状况，且不会增加肝癌的风险。甚至，在日常饮用绿茶的通常数量下，绿茶可能具有预防肝癌的作用。
