Emerg Infect Dis. 2022 Oct;28(10):2009-2015. doi: 10.3201/eid2810.221067. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Zoonotic and pandemic influenza continue to pose threats to global public health. Pandemics arise when novel influenza A viruses, derived in whole or in part from animal or avian influenza viruses, adapt to transmit efficiently in a human population that has little population immunity to contain its onward transmission. Viruses of previous pandemic concern, such as influenza A(H7N9), arose from influenza A(H9N2) viruses established in domestic poultry acquiring a hemagglutinin and neuraminidase from influenza A viruses of aquatic waterfowl. We report a novel influenza A(H3N8) virus in chicken that has emerged in a similar manner and that has been recently reported to cause zoonotic disease. Although they are H3 subtype, these avian viruses are antigenically distant from contemporary human influenza A(H3N2) viruses, and there is little cross-reactive immunity in the human population. It is essential to heighten surveillance for these avian A(H3N8) viruses in poultry and in humans.
人畜共患病和大流行性流感继续对全球公共卫生构成威胁。当新型甲型流感病毒（全部或部分源自动物或禽流感病毒）适应在人群中有效传播，而人群对其传播的抑制作用的免疫力较低时，就会出现大流行。以前引起关注的大流行病毒，如甲型 H7N9 流感病毒，是源自在禽类中建立的甲型 H9N2 病毒，获得了水生水禽甲型流感病毒的血凝素和神经氨酸酶。我们报告了一种新型甲型 H3N8 病毒在鸡中以类似方式出现，最近有报道称该病毒会导致人畜共患病。尽管它们属于 H3 亚型，但这些禽流感病毒与当代人类甲型 H3N2 病毒在抗原性上有很大差异，人群中几乎没有交叉反应性免疫。加强对禽类和人群中这些禽流感 A(H3N8)病毒的监测至关重要。
