Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.
Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK; School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK.
Ageing Res Rev. 2022 Nov;81:101723. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101723. Epub 2022 Aug 28.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. Cardiometabolic and genetic risk factors play an important role in the trajectory of AD. Cardiometabolic risk factors including diabetes, mid-life obesity, mid-life hypertension and elevated cholesterol have been linked with cognitive decline in AD subjects. These potential risk factors associated with cerebral metabolic changes which fuel AD pathogenesis have been suggested to be the reason for the disappointing clinical trial results. In appreciation of the risks involved, using search engines such as PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE and Google Scholar, a relevant literature search on cardiometabolic and genetic risk factors in AD was conducted. We discuss the role of genetic as well as established cardiovascular risk factors in the neuropathology of AD. Moreover, we show new evidence of genetic interaction between several genes potentially involved in different pathways related to both neurodegenerative process and cardiovascular damage.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种多因素神经退行性疾病。心脏代谢和遗传危险因素在 AD 的病程中起着重要作用。心脏代谢危险因素包括糖尿病、中年肥胖、中年高血压和胆固醇升高，与 AD 患者的认知能力下降有关。这些与大脑代谢变化相关的潜在危险因素，这些变化为 AD 发病机制提供了动力，这被认为是临床试验结果令人失望的原因。为了认识到所涉及的风险，使用 PubMed、Scopus、MEDLINE 和 Google Scholar 等搜索引擎，对 AD 中心血管代谢和遗传危险因素的相关文献进行了检索。我们讨论了遗传因素以及已确立的心血管危险因素在 AD 神经病理学中的作用。此外，我们还展示了几个基因之间遗传相互作用的新证据，这些基因可能涉及与神经退行性过程和心血管损伤相关的不同途径。
