Feng Wei, Luo Bingcheng, Bian Shuaishuai, Tian Enke, Zhang Zili, Kursumovic Ahmed, MacManus-Driscoll Judith L, Wang Xiaohui, Li Longtu
State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
College of Science, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China.
Nat Commun. 2022 Aug 29;13(1):5086. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32825-9.
Piezoelectric materials provide high strain and large driving forces in actuators and can transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. Although they were discovered over 100 years ago, scientists are still searching for alternative lead-free piezoelectrics to reduce their environmental impact. Developing high-strain piezoelectric materials has been a long-term challenge, particularly challenging for the design of high-strain polycrystalline piezoelectrics containing no toxic lead element. In this work, we report one strategy to enhance the electrostrain via designing "heterostrain" through atomic-scale defect engineering and mesoscale domain engineering. We achieve an ultrahigh electrostrain of 2.3% at high temperature (220 °C) in lead-free polycrystalline ceramics, higher than all state-of-the-art piezoelectric materials, including lead-free and lead-based ceramics and single crystals. We demonstrate practical solutions for achieving high electrostrain in low-cost environmentally piezoelectric for various applications.
压电材料在致动器中能提供高应变和大驱动力，并且可以将电能转化为机械能。尽管它们在100多年前就被发现了，但科学家们仍在寻找替代的无铅压电材料，以减少其对环境的影响。开发高应变压电材料一直是一项长期挑战，对于不含有毒铅元素的高应变多晶压电材料的设计尤其具有挑战性。在这项工作中，我们报告了一种通过原子尺度缺陷工程和介观尺度畴工程设计“异质应变”来增强电应变的策略。我们在无铅多晶陶瓷中于高温（220°C）下实现了2.3%的超高电应变，高于所有最先进的压电材料，包括无铅和含铅陶瓷及单晶。我们展示了在低成本环保型压电材料中实现高电应变为各种应用提供实用解决方案。
