University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, USA.
Psychol Res. 2023 Jun;87(4):1166-1179. doi: 10.1007/s00426-022-01729-0. Epub 2022 Aug 30.
Under certain conditions, the retrieval of some information can increase the recall of other information, a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced facilitation. Chan (Journal of Memory and Language 61:153-170, 2009) proposed two moderating factors to account for why retrieval causes facilitation in some situations and forgetting in others: (1) integration at the time of encoding and (2) the delay between retrieval practice and final test. Chan found a 9-11% facilitation effect when the materials were well integrated and the final test occurred after a 24-h delay. Two sets of experiments sought to replicate and extend Chan's study by examining retrieval-induced facilitation not only following a 24-h delay but after longer delays (i.e., 1 or 2 weeks). A meta-analysis including these replications and the original experiments was also conducted. The results provide additional evidence of retrieval-induced facilitation, with no evidence that the effect varies as a function of the final delay. However, the size of the effect was found to be somewhat smaller than previously observed.
在某些条件下，检索某些信息可以增加对其他信息的回忆，这种现象被称为检索诱发促进。陈（《记忆与语言》61：153-170，2009）提出了两个调节因素，以解释为什么在某些情况下检索会导致促进，而在其他情况下则会导致遗忘：（1）编码时的整合，以及（2）检索练习和最终测试之间的延迟。当材料整合良好且最终测试在 24 小时后进行时，陈发现了 9-11%的促进效应。两组实验试图通过在 24 小时延迟后而不是更长的延迟（即 1 或 2 周）来复制和扩展陈的研究，来检验检索诱发的促进作用。还进行了包括这些复制和原始实验的元分析。结果提供了检索诱发促进的额外证据，没有证据表明该效果随最终延迟而变化。然而，发现效应的大小比以前观察到的要小一些。
