ATR Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, 2-2-2 Hikaridai Seika-Cho, Soraku-Gun, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Brain Science Institute, Tamagawa University, 6-1-1, Tamagawa-Gakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan.
Cell Rep. 2022 Aug 30;40(9):111275. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111275.
We may view most of our daily activities as rational action selections; however, we sometimes reinforce maladaptive behaviors despite having explicit environmental knowledge. In this study, we model obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms as implicitly learned maladaptive behaviors. Simulations in the reinforcement learning framework show that agents implicitly learn to respond to intrusive thoughts when the memory trace signal for past actions decays differently for positive and negative prediction errors. Moreover, this model extends our understanding of therapeutic effects of behavioral therapy in OCD. Using empirical data, we confirm that patients with OCD show extremely imbalanced traces, which are normalized by serotonin enhancers. We find that healthy participants also vary in their obsessive-compulsive tendencies, consistent with the degree of imbalanced traces. These behavioral characteristics can be generalized to variations in the healthy population beyond the spectrum of clinical phenotypes.
我们可以将大多数日常活动视为理性的行为选择；然而，尽管我们对环境有明确的了解，有时还是会强化适应不良的行为。在这项研究中，我们将强迫症 (OCD) 症状建模为内隐习得的适应不良行为。强化学习框架中的模拟表明，当过去行为的记忆痕迹信号对正、负预测误差的衰减不同时，代理会内隐地学会对侵入性思维做出反应。此外，该模型扩展了我们对强迫症行为治疗疗效的理解。使用经验数据，我们证实强迫症患者的痕迹极不平衡，而这种不平衡通过血清素增强剂得到了纠正。我们发现健康参与者的强迫倾向也存在差异，与不平衡痕迹的程度一致。这些行为特征可以推广到健康人群中的变化，而不仅仅是临床表型的范围。
