de Gutierrez Gabriela M, Marin Lina M, Xiao Yizhi, Escalante-Herrera Andrea, Santos Maria T B R, Siqueira Walter L
College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
University of Cruzeiro do Sul, Rua Galvão Bueno, 868 - Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01506-000, Brazil.
Heliyon. 2022 Aug 13;8(8):e10134. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10134. eCollection 2022 Aug.
This proof-of-concept study aimed at evaluating the proteolytic profile of histatin 1 and 5 in saliva of adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) with gingivitis.
This cross-sectional study included 24 individuals allocated into three groups: G1 (CP with gingivitis; n = 8), G2 (without CP and without gingivitis; n = 8), and G3 (without CP and with gingivitis; n = 8). The gingival index (GI) and simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) were evaluated. Whole saliva was collected and used to assess the rate and mode of histatin 1 and 5 at different times. The degradation products were visualized after cationic PAGE and the protein band densities (BDs) were compared with a protein standard. Fragmentation products were collected from the gel, pooled by group and characterized by mass spectrometry. BDs and gingival health parameters were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis tests, whereas poisson multilevel regression was used to the factors that influenced histatin degradation (α = 5%).
Groups G1 and G3 differed significantly on OHI-S, visible biofilm, oral calculus and GI (p < 0.001). Poisson Regression showed that: 1) CP and gingivitis influenced the degradation of histatin 1 and 5 (p < 0.05); 2) The degradation of histatin 5 was influenced by age and male sex (p < 0.05); and 3) GI influenced significantly the degradation of histatin 1 (p < 0.001). Unique histatin degradation peptides were identified in individuals with gingivitis.
These data demonstrated that both the kinetics and pattern of histatins degradation differ according to the gingival health or disease conditions.
本概念验证研究旨在评估患有牙龈炎的痉挛性脑瘫（CP）青少年唾液中组蛋白1和5的蛋白水解谱。
这项横断面研究纳入了24名个体，分为三组：G1组（患有牙龈炎的CP患者；n = 8），G2组（无CP且无牙龈炎；n = 8），以及G3组（无CP但患有牙龈炎；n = 8）。评估牙龈指数（GI）和简化口腔卫生指数（OHI-S）。收集全唾液并用于评估不同时间组蛋白1和5的降解速率和模式。阳离子聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳后观察降解产物，并将蛋白条带密度（BDs）与蛋白标准品进行比较。从凝胶中收集裂解产物，按组合并并通过质谱进行表征。通过单因素方差分析或Kruskal Wallis检验分析BDs和牙龈健康参数，而泊松多水平回归用于分析影响组蛋白降解的因素（α = 5%）。
G1组和G3组在OHI-S、可见生物膜、牙结石和GI方面存在显著差异（p < 0.001）。泊松回归显示：1）CP和牙龈炎影响组蛋白1和5的降解（p < 0.05）；2）组蛋白5的降解受年龄和男性性别影响（p < 0.05）；3）GI显著影响组蛋白1的降解（p < 0.001）。在患有牙龈炎的个体中鉴定出独特的组蛋白降解肽。
这些数据表明，根据牙龈健康或疾病状况，组蛋白的降解动力学和模式有所不同。
