Multidrug-Resistant and Extremely Drug-Resistant in Clinical Samples From a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Nigeria.

OBJECTIVES

has been globally implicated in healthcare-associated infection. The susceptibility pattern of clinical isolates of to anti-pseudomonal antibiotics is reported.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Clinical samples, namely blood, urine, tracheal aspirate, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), wound swabs, high vaginal swabs, eye, and ear exudates were obtained from patients, processed and identified using standard microbiological protocols. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was undertaken using the Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Results were reported following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.

RESULTS

Of 104 isolates identified, males (52.88%) had a higher incidence of infection than female (47.11%) patients. The highest prevalence was recorded from wound swabs [46 (44.23%)] followed by ear exudates [23 (22.12%)], urine [22 (21.15%)], while eye exudates and samples from the CSF yielded the least [1 (0.96% each)]. From the antibiogram, imipenem had the highest antibiotic activity (91.3%) followed by polymyxin B (84.6%). The isolates exhibited the highest resistance to ceftazidime (73.1%) and piperacillin-tazobactam (61.5%). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates revealed 7.69% susceptible, 26% resistant, 61% multidrug resistance (MDR), 5% extremely drug resistance (XDR), and an absence (0%) of pandrug-resistant phenotypes.

CONCLUSION

The study recorded alarmingly high cases of MDR and some XDR phenotypes of in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. It will help identify existing gaps in antimicrobial resistance surveillance and assist in improving public health policies regarding antibiotic stewardship, initiatives, and interventions.