School of Statistics, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, 116025, China.
School of Management Science and Engineering, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, 116025, China.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Nov 15;322:116073. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116073. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Ecological compensation in the Yellow River Basin aims to improve its ecological and environmental management capacity. Based on data on land-use changes in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2020, this study used the equivalent factor method to assess the value of ecosystem services in the basin. This was measured at three spatial scales in the upper, middle, and lower reaches, encompassing; nine provinces and 72 cities. The priority and amount of ecological compensation were determined for the Yellow River Basin regions. Results show that (1) The total value of ecosystem services in the Yellow River Basin increased from 1798.317 billion yuan in 2010 to 1838.259 billion yuan in 2020. Grasslands had the highest total ecosystem service value in 2020, accounting for 46.11%. (2) The value of ecosystem services in the Yellow River Basin region is upstream > midstream > downstream. Qinghai Province has the highest value of ecosystem services among the nine provinces, and the level of economic development in each region is inversely correlated with the value of ecosystem services. (3) The ecosystem service value and the economic development level of the cities in the Yellow River Basin are positively and negatively correlated with the priority of ecological compensation, respectively. Among them, the cities in the upper reaches are the most urgent targets for national ecological compensation. (4) The total ecological compensation in the Yellow River Basin in 2020 was approximately 122.63 billion yuan. Further, the amount of vertical ecological compensation to be paid by the state was approximately 114.673 billion yuan, and the horizontal compensation to be borne between provinces was approximately 7.957 billion yuan. The findings of this study provide novel insights into improving ecological compensation in the Yellow River Basin regions.
黄河流域生态补偿旨在提高其生态环境管理能力。本研究基于 2010 年至 2020 年黄河流域土地利用变化数据，采用当量因子法评估了流域内生态系统服务价值。在流域上、中、下游三个空间尺度上，涵盖了九个省份和 72 个城市。确定了黄河流域各区域的生态补偿优先顺序和补偿额度。结果表明：（1）2010 年至 2020 年，黄河流域生态系统服务总价值从 17983.17 亿元增加到 18382.59 亿元。2020 年，草地的总生态系统服务价值最高，占 46.11%。（2）黄河流域区域生态系统服务价值呈上游>中游>下游的分布特征。九省中青海省的生态系统服务价值最高，各区域经济发展水平与生态系统服务价值呈负相关。（3）黄河流域各城市的生态服务价值与经济发展水平与生态补偿优先顺序呈正相关和负相关。其中，上游城市是国家生态补偿的最紧迫目标。（4）2020 年黄河流域总生态补偿约为 1226.3 亿元。此外，国家需支付的纵向生态补偿金额约为 1146.73 亿元，各省之间的横向补偿金额约为 79.57 亿元。本研究为改善黄河流域生态补偿提供了新的思路。
