Fliedner Annette, Rüdel Heinz, Göckener Bernd, Krehenwinkel Henrik, Paulus Martin, Koschorreck Jan
Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (Fraunhofer IME), 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany.
Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (Fraunhofer IME), 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 15;852:158430. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158430. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
The study highlights the potential of Environmental Specimen Banks (ESBs) for implementing the Zero Pollution Ambition and the Biodiversity Strategy of the European Green Deal. By drawing on recent monitoring studies of European ESBs, we illustrate the role ESBs already play in assessing the state of ecosystems in Europe and how they help to make developments over time visible. The studies reveal the ubiquitous presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, halogenated flame retardants, chlorinated paraffins, plasticizers, cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes, UV-filters, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics in the European environment. Temporal trends demonstrate the effectiveness of European regulations on perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, pentabrominated diphenylethers and diethylhexyl phthalate, but also point to the rise of substitutes such as non-phthalate plasticizers and short-chain perfluoroalkyl substances. Other studies are wake-up calls indicating the emergence of currently unregulated compounds such as long-chain chlorinated paraffins. Ecological studies show temporal trends in biometric parameters and stable isotope signatures that suggest long-term changes in environmental conditions. Studies on biodiversity of ecosystems using environmental DNA are still in their beginnings, but here too there is evidence of shifts in community composition that can be linked to changing environmental conditions. This review demonstrates the value of ESBs (a) for describing the status of the environment, (b) for monitoring temporal changes in environmental pollution and the ecologic condition of ecosystems and thereby (c) for supporting regulators in prioritizing their actions towards the objectives of the Green Deal.
该研究突出了环境标本库在落实欧洲绿色协议的“零污染雄心”和生物多样性战略方面的潜力。通过借鉴近期对欧洲环境标本库的监测研究，我们阐述了环境标本库在评估欧洲生态系统状况方面已经发挥的作用，以及它们如何有助于使随时间推移的发展情况变得可见。研究揭示了全氟和多氟烷基物质、卤化阻燃剂、氯化石蜡、增塑剂、环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷、紫外线过滤剂、药品和微塑料在欧洲环境中普遍存在。时间趋势表明了欧洲对全氟辛烷磺酸、五溴二苯醚和邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯的监管措施是有效的，但也指出了非邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂和短链全氟烷基物质等替代品的增加。其他研究敲响了警钟，表明目前未受监管的化合物如长链氯化石蜡的出现。生态研究显示了生物特征参数和稳定同位素特征的时间趋势，这表明环境条件发生了长期变化。利用环境DNA对生态系统生物多样性的研究仍处于起步阶段，但在这里也有证据表明群落组成发生了变化，这可能与不断变化的环境条件有关。本综述展示了环境标本库的价值：(a) 用于描述环境状况；(b) 用于监测环境污染和生态系统生态状况的时间变化，从而 (c) 支持监管机构将行动重点放在实现绿色协议目标上。
