Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022 Sep 2;13(1):442. doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-03106-5.
Traumatic central nervous system (CNS) disorders have catastrophic effects on patients, and, currently, there is no effective clinical treatment. Cell transplantation is a common treatment for traumatic CNS injury in animals. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have reported that the beneficial effect of transplanted cells for CNS repair is mediated primarily through the extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by the cells, in which microRNAs play a major role. Accordingly, numerous studies have evaluated the roles and applications of EVs secreted by different cell types in neurological diseases. Furthermore, due to their unique biological features, EVs are used as disease biomarkers and drug delivery systems for disease prevention and treatment. We discuss current knowledge related to EVs, focusing on the mechanism underlying their effects on traumatic CNS diseases, and summarize existing research on the potential clinical utility of EVs as disease biomarkers and drug delivery systems.
创伤性中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病对患者有灾难性的影响，目前临床上尚无有效的治疗方法。细胞移植是治疗动物创伤性 CNS 损伤的常用方法。近年来，越来越多的研究报告称，移植细胞对 CNS 修复的有益作用主要是通过细胞分泌的细胞外囊泡（EVs）介导的，其中 microRNAs 发挥主要作用。因此，许多研究评估了不同细胞类型分泌的 EVs 在神经疾病中的作用和应用。此外，由于其独特的生物学特性，EVs 可用作疾病生物标志物和用于疾病预防和治疗的药物递送系统。我们讨论了与 EVs 相关的当前知识，重点介绍了它们对创伤性 CNS 疾病影响的作用机制，并总结了 EVs 作为疾病生物标志物和药物递送系统的潜在临床应用的现有研究。
