Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, China.
Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Oct;154:113604. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113604. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
The mortality rate of cardiovascular disease ranks first in the world. Its pathogenesis involves not only internal factors such as immunity, inflammation, metabolic disorders, and self-development but also external factors such as the environment. In the last decade, the emergence of single-cell technology has greatly promoted the development of disease research. Among them, the more mature single-cell RNA sequencing can carry out high-throughput analysis of single cells while studying with single-cell resolution. This technology enables people to characterize the heterogeneity of single cells, identify rare cell types in heart and blood vessels, and construct human heart cell map. With the data analysis of bioinformatics experts, it can also reconstruct the development track of the heart, to construct a map of heart development. Single-cell sequencing plays an important role in analyzing the human physiological structure and disease progression due to its advantages of single-cell resolution. The possibility of combining other omics technologies is proposed by summarizing the existing application examples and advanced technologies like spatial transcriptome. In this review, we summarize the current single-cell sequencing technologies (plate-based and droplet-based) and describe the data analysis process. The latest findings in cardiovascular disease using single-cell RNA sequencing technology are described. Finally, we discussed the shortcomings of single-cell RNA sequencing technology. At the same time, the possibility of the combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial omics technology, and how to apply it to the study of cardiovascular diseases is discussed.
心血管疾病的死亡率位居世界第一。其发病机制不仅涉及免疫、炎症、代谢紊乱和自我发展等内部因素，还涉及环境等外部因素。在过去的十年中，单细胞技术的出现极大地促进了疾病研究的发展。其中，较为成熟的单细胞 RNA 测序可以在以单细胞分辨率进行研究的同时进行高通量的单细胞分析。这项技术使人们能够描述单细胞的异质性，识别心脏和血管中的稀有细胞类型，并构建人类心脏细胞图谱。通过生物信息学专家的数据分析，还可以重建心脏的发育轨迹，构建心脏发育图谱。单细胞测序由于具有单细胞分辨率的优势，在分析人类生理结构和疾病进展方面发挥着重要作用。通过总结现有的应用实例和先进技术，如空间转录组学，提出了与其他组学技术相结合的可能性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前的单细胞测序技术（基于平板和液滴），并描述了数据分析过程。描述了使用单细胞 RNA 测序技术在心血管疾病中的最新发现。最后，我们讨论了单细胞 RNA 测序技术的缺点。同时，讨论了单细胞 RNA 测序与空间组学技术相结合的可能性，以及如何将其应用于心血管疾病的研究。
