College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Nov 30;221:91-107. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.171. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
Hydrogels with high water content and porous structures are excellent 3D scaffolds for various applications in tissue engineering. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels with cell responsive RGD and MMP peptide sequences have been widely used in tissue engineering because of their adjustable mechanical properties, good processing performance and excellent biocompatibility. Advanced manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing and electrospinning can achieve precise control of GelMA-based hydrogel microstructures. Different microstructures of GelMA hydrogels, such as microspheres, microfibers, microchannels, microgrooves/microridges and microwells/micropillars have been fabricated and studied to simulate natural extracellular matrix and regulate the proliferation, migration and differentiation of different cells. In this review, recent efforts in GelMA-based hydrogel microstructures are discussed, including their preparation methods, unique characteristics, and specific applications in cell culture and tissue engineering. Finally, the remaining challenges and future direction of microstructured GelMA hydrogels are also suggested. We believe that with these recent advances and numerous ongoing efforts, GelMA-based hydrogels can be precisely fabricated with controlled microstructures, possessing great potentials as universal scaffolds for tissue engineering.
具有高含水量和多孔结构的水凝胶是各种组织工程应用的优秀 3D 支架。由于具有可调节的机械性能、良好的加工性能和优异的生物相容性，具有细胞响应性 RGD 和 MMP 肽序列的明胶甲基丙烯酰（GelMA）水凝胶已被广泛用于组织工程。3D 打印和静电纺丝等先进制造技术可以实现基于 GelMA 的水凝胶微结构的精确控制。已经制备和研究了不同的 GelMA 水凝胶微结构，例如微球、微纤维、微通道、微槽/微脊和微井/微柱，以模拟天然细胞外基质并调节不同细胞的增殖、迁移和分化。在这篇综述中，讨论了基于 GelMA 的水凝胶微结构的最新研究进展，包括其制备方法、独特特性以及在细胞培养和组织工程中的具体应用。最后，还提出了微结构 GelMA 水凝胶面临的挑战和未来发展方向。我们相信，随着这些最新进展和众多正在进行的努力，基于 GelMA 的水凝胶可以精确制造出具有可控微结构的水凝胶，作为组织工程的通用支架具有巨大的潜力。
