Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Heath Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
J Infect. 2022 Nov;85(5):557-564. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.08.030. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
To describe the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK healthcare workers (HCWs).
We conducted a prospective sero-epidemiological study of HCWs at a major UK teaching hospital using a SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay. Risk factors for seropositivity were analysed using multivariate logistic regression.
410/5,698 (7·2%) staff tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Seroprevalence was higher in those working in designated COVID-19 areas compared with other areas (9·47% versus 6·16%) Healthcare assistants (aOR 2·06 [95%CI 1·14-3·71]; p=0·016) and domestic and portering staff (aOR 3·45 [95% CI 1·07-11·42]; p=0·039) had significantly higher seroprevalence than other staff groups after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity and COVID-19 working location. Staff working in acute medicine and medical sub-specialities were also at higher risk (aOR 2·07 [95% CI 1·31-3·25]; p<0·002). Staff from Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) backgrounds had an aOR of 1·65 (95% CI 1·32 - 2·07; p<0·001) compared to white staff; this increased risk was independent of COVID-19 area working. The only symptoms significantly associated with seropositivity in a multivariable model were loss of sense of taste or smell, fever, and myalgia; 31% of staff testing positive reported no prior symptoms.
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst HCWs is highly heterogeneous and influenced by COVID-19 working location, role, age and ethnicity. Increased risk amongst BAME staff cannot be accounted for solely by occupational factors.
描述英国医护人员（HCWs）感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险因素。
我们使用 SARS-CoV-2 免疫测定法对一家英国主要教学医院的 HCWs 进行了前瞻性血清流行病学研究。使用多变量逻辑回归分析了血清阳性的危险因素。
410/5698（7.2%）名员工的 SARS-CoV-2 抗体检测呈阳性。与在其他区域工作的员工相比，在指定的 COVID-19 区域工作的员工的血清阳性率更高（9.47%对 6.16%）。医疗助理（优势比 2.06 [95%置信区间 1.14-3.71]；p=0.016）和家政和搬运工（优势比 3.45 [95%置信区间 1.07-11.42]；p=0.039）的血清阳性率明显高于其他员工群体，调整年龄、性别、种族和 COVID-19 工作地点后。从事急症医学和医学亚专科的医护人员也面临更高的风险（优势比 2.07 [95%置信区间 1.31-3.25]；p<0.002）。与白人员工相比，来自黑人、亚洲人和少数民族（BAME）背景的员工的优势比为 1.65（95%置信区间 1.32-2.07；p<0.001）；这种风险增加与 COVID-19 工作区域无关。在多变量模型中，唯一与血清阳性相关的症状是味觉或嗅觉丧失、发热和肌痛；31%的检测呈阳性的员工报告没有先前的症状。
HCWs 感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险高度异质，受 COVID-19 工作地点、角色、年龄和种族的影响。BAME 员工的风险增加不能仅归因于职业因素。
