Blanch-Ramirez Joana, Calvet-Mir Laura, Aceituno-Mata Laura, Benyei Petra
Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Building Z Campus UAB, 08193 Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola) Spain.
Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss, 5. Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Castelldefels, 08860 Barcelona, Spain.
Agron Sustain Dev. 2022;42(5):91. doi: 10.1007/s13593-022-00806-3. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
Most studies on climate change's impacts on agriculture focus on modeling techniques based on large-scale meteorological data, while few have investigated how farmer's perception of climate change's impacts can affect crop diversity and crop management practices, especially in industrialized contexts. To fill this gap, we conducted 24 semi-structured interviews in a study site located in the Catalan Pyrenees. Our results show for the first time in an industrialized context that farmers perceive multiple interrelated climate change impacts on local agroecosystems. For instance, snowfall and freeze events have decreased, which respondents associated with the increase of pests and diseases affecting both wild flora and cultivated plants. Similarly, changes in precipitation patterns lead to a perceived decrease in useful rain for agriculture. Farmers are also reporting changes in their management practices, such as increased irrigation or use of pesticides, which respond to these climatic factors but also to changes in the crops that are cultivated. Crop diversity is in decline in the area both at the species and landrace levels, especially in rainfed fields. This is mainly driven by socioeconomic factors such as agricultural abandonment or access to commercial seeds, although climate change factors such as increased pests or decreased rainfall can have an impact. Despite the crop diversity losses found, many landraces have been maintained, mainly due to their cultural value, and also new crop species have been introduced, which are now viable due to the increase in temperature. Although we focused on a specific case study, we found several trends that are also present in other contexts. Therefore, the results of this research are relevant at a global scale since they show that climate change is affecting mountain agroecosystems in industrialized contexts and may affect more drastically both agrobiodiversity and crop management practices in agroecosystems worldwide.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13593-022-00806-3.
大多数关于气候变化对农业影响的研究都集中在基于大规模气象数据的建模技术上，而很少有研究调查农民对气候变化影响的认知如何影响作物多样性和作物管理实践，尤其是在工业化背景下。为了填补这一空白，我们在位于加泰罗尼亚比利牛斯山脉的一个研究地点进行了24次半结构化访谈。我们的研究结果首次表明，在工业化背景下，农民察觉到气候变化对当地农业生态系统有多重相互关联的影响。例如，降雪和冰冻事件减少，受访者将其与影响野生植物和栽培植物的病虫害增加联系起来。同样，降水模式的变化导致人们认为对农业有用的降雨减少。农民还报告了他们管理实践的变化，如增加灌溉或使用农药，这既应对了这些气候因素，也应对了所种植作物的变化。该地区的作物多样性在物种和地方品种层面都在下降，尤其是在雨养农田。这主要是由农业弃耕或获取商业种子等社会经济因素驱动的，尽管病虫害增加或降雨减少等气候变化因素也会产生影响。尽管发现了作物多样性的损失，但许多地方品种得以保留，主要是由于它们的文化价值，而且还引入了新的作物品种，由于气温升高，这些品种现在能够存活。尽管我们关注的是一个具体的案例研究，但我们发现了一些在其他背景下也存在的趋势。因此，这项研究的结果在全球范围内具有相关性，因为它们表明气候变化正在影响工业化背景下的山区农业生态系统，并且可能对全球农业生态系统中的农业生物多样性和作物管理实践产生更严重的影响。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13593-022-00806-3获取的补充材料。
