Li Siwen, Lin Yingzi, Wang Gaoqi, Zhu Suiyi, Liu Gen, Shi Chunyan, Chen Lei
School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
Science and Technology Innovation Center for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
Front Chem. 2022 Aug 19;10:904867. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.904867. eCollection 2022.
This study researched the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in sulfamethazine (SMZ) chlorination after preoxidation by KFeO and O and the influence of preoxidation on cytotoxicity and biological toxicity. Then, the study emphatically analyzed the influencing factors such as NaClO dosage, pH value, reaction temperature, fulvic acid (FA), and bromide and iodide ions. The results showed that preoxidation by KFeO effectively inhibited the formation of DBPs of haloketones (HKS) and trihalomethanes (THMs), with an average inhibition rate of over 60%. The formation of DBPs after preoxidation by O was higher than that by KFeO; preoxidation by KFeO reduced the influence of NaClO dosage, temperature, and pH value on the production of DBPs after SMZ chlorination. The cytotoxicity and biological toxicity of SMZ chlorination after preoxidation were evaluated and compared by calculating the LC value of DBPs and the luminescent bacteria method. The results of both calculation methods showed that the toxicity of DBPs after preoxidation by KFeO was lower than that by O preoxidation. KFeO and O preoxidation improved the SMZ removal efficiency by 8.41 and 10.49%, respectively, and inhibited the formation of most DBPs, but the preoxidation promoted the formation of highly toxic DBPs (HANs). The toxicity of DBPs formed in SMZ chlorination after preoxidation by KFeO and O was slightly higher than that of chlorination disinfection alone, but it was still within the safe range. This study provides more new details about the formation and toxicity changes of DBPs in the process of SMZ chlorination after preoxidation.
本研究考察了高铁酸钾（KFeO）和臭氧（O）预氧化后磺胺二甲嘧啶（SMZ）氯化过程中消毒副产物（DBPs）的生成情况以及预氧化对细胞毒性和生物毒性的影响。然后，着重分析了次氯酸钠（NaClO）投加量、pH值、反应温度、富里酸（FA）以及溴离子和碘离子等影响因素。结果表明，高铁酸钾预氧化能有效抑制卤代酮（HKS）和三卤甲烷（THMs）类消毒副产物的生成，平均抑制率超过60%。臭氧预氧化后消毒副产物的生成量高于高铁酸钾预氧化；高铁酸钾预氧化降低了NaClO投加量、温度和pH值对SMZ氯化后消毒副产物生成的影响。通过计算消毒副产物的LC值和发光细菌法对预氧化后SMZ氯化的细胞毒性和生物毒性进行了评价和比较。两种计算方法的结果均表明，高铁酸钾预氧化后消毒副产物的毒性低于臭氧预氧化。高铁酸钾和臭氧预氧化分别提高了SMZ的去除效率8.41%和10.49%，并抑制了大多数消毒副产物的生成，但预氧化促进了高毒性消毒副产物（HANs）的生成。高铁酸钾和臭氧预氧化后SMZ氯化生成的消毒副产物毒性略高于单独氯化消毒，但仍在安全范围内。本研究为预氧化后SMZ氯化过程中消毒副产物的生成及毒性变化提供了更多新的细节。
