Li A-H, Yuan F-X, Groenewald M, Bensch K, Yurkov A M, Li K, Han P-J, Guo L-D, Aime M C, Sampaio J P, Jindamorakot S, Turchetti B, Inacio J, Fungsin B, Wang Q-M, Bai F-Y
State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Stud Mycol. 2020 Jan 28;96:17-140. doi: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.002. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Nearly 500 basidiomycetous yeast species were accepted in the latest edition of published in 2011. However, this number presents only the tip of the iceberg of yeast species diversity in nature. Possibly more than 99 % of yeast species, as is true for many groups of fungi, are yet unknown and await discovery. Over the past two decades nearly 200 unidentified isolates were obtained during a series of environmental surveys of yeasts in phyllosphere and soils, mainly from China. Among these isolates, 107 new species were identified based on the phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) [D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU), the small subunit (SSU), and the internal transcribed spacer region including the 5.8S rDNA (ITS)] and protein-coding genes [both subunits of DNA polymerase II (RPB1 and RPB2), the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1) and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (CYTB)], and physiological comparisons. Forty-six of these belong to 16 genera in the (). The other 61 are distributed in 26 genera in the . Here we circumscribe eight new genera, three new families and two new orders based on the multi-locus phylogenetic analyses combined with the clustering optimisation analysis and the predicted similarity thresholds for yeasts and filamentous fungal delimitation at genus and higher ranks. Additionally, as a result of these analyses, three new combinations are proposed and 66 taxa are validated.
在2011年出版的最新版本中，已收录了近500种担子菌酵母物种。然而，这个数字仅仅是自然界中酵母物种多样性的冰山一角。与许多真菌类群一样，可能超过99%的酵母物种仍不为人知，有待发现。在过去二十年里，在一系列针对叶际和土壤中酵母的环境调查中，主要从中国获得了近200株未鉴定的分离株。在这些分离株中，基于核糖体DNA（rDNA）[大亚基（LSU）、小亚基（SSU）的D1/D2结构域以及包括5.8S rDNA的内部转录间隔区（ITS）]和蛋白质编码基因[DNA聚合酶II的两个亚基（RPB1和RPB2）、翻译延伸因子1-α（TEF1）和线粒体基因细胞色素b（CYTB）]的系统发育分析以及生理比较，鉴定出了107个新物种。其中46个属于担子菌门（Basidiomycota）的16个属。另外61个分布在子囊菌门（Ascomycota）的26个属中。在此，我们基于多基因座系统发育分析，结合聚类优化分析以及酵母和丝状真菌在属及更高分类阶元界定的预测相似性阈值，划定了8个新属、3个新科和2个新目。此外，作为这些分析的结果，提出了3个新组合，并确认了66个分类单元。
