Guitard Dominic, Saint-Aubin Jean, Cowan Nelson
Université de Moncton and University of Missouri.
Université de Moncton.
J Mem Lang. 2022 Feb;122. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2021.104300. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
Recently, Guitard et al. (2021) used a two-list procedure and varied the kind of encoding carried out for each list (item or order encoding). They found dual-list impairment on an order test was consistently greater when the other list was also encoded for an order test, compared to when it was in the presence of another list encoded for an item test. They also found a dual-list cost relative to one list for both order and item information. Here we address the bases of the interference costs with a novel task in which, prior to each list presentation, participants are instructed to expect an item fragment completion test, an order reconstruction test, or either type of test. In five experiments, we contrast two competing accounts of item and order processing, the and the . An asymmetry with larger dual-attention costs on order compared to item tests was found, with the effect magnitude changing with task conditions. Our results support a version of the common resource hypothesis in which both item and order processing occur no matter which test is expected, but in which additional processing is divided between item and order codes in a manner that depends on task demands.
最近，吉塔尔德等人（2021年）采用了双列表程序，并对每个列表所进行的编码类型（项目或顺序编码）进行了变化。他们发现，与存在为项目测试进行编码的另一个列表时相比，当另一个列表也为顺序测试进行编码时，在顺序测试中的双列表损害始终更大。他们还发现，相对于一个列表，在顺序和项目信息方面都存在双列表成本。在这里，我们通过一项新颖的任务来探讨干扰成本的基础，在该任务中，在每次列表呈现之前，指示参与者预期进行项目片段完成测试、顺序重建测试或任何一种测试类型。在五个实验中，我们对比了关于项目和顺序处理的两种相互竞争的解释，即 和 。发现与项目测试相比，顺序测试中存在更大的双注意力成本的不对称性，且效应大小随任务条件而变化。我们的结果支持了一种共同资源假说的版本，即无论预期进行哪种测试，项目和顺序处理都会发生，但额外的处理会以一种取决于任务需求的方式在项目和顺序代码之间进行分配。
