DiFrancesco Loretta, Fulgoni Victor L, Gaine P Courtney, Scott Maria O, Ricciuto Laurie
Source! Nutrition, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Nutrition Impact, LLC, Battle Creek, MI, United States.
Front Nutr. 2022 Aug 18;9:897952. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.897952. eCollection 2022.
Research on trends over time in added sugars intake is important to help gain insights into how population intakes change with evolving dietary guidelines and policies on reducing added sugars. The purpose of this study was to provide an analysis of dietary trends in added sugars intakes and sources among U.S. adults from 2001 to 2018, with a focus on variations according to the sociodemographic factors, age, sex, race and ethnicity and income, and the health-related factors, physical activity and body weight. Data from nine consecutive 2 year cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were combined and regression analyses were conducted to test for trends in added sugars intake and sources from 2001 to 2018. Trends were examined in the whole sample (19+ years) and in subsamples stratified by age (19-50, 51+ years), sex, race and ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, White), household income (poverty income ratio low, medium, high), physical activity level (sedentary, moderate, vigorous) and body weight status (normal, overweight, obese). From 2001 to 2018, added sugars intake (% kcal) decreased significantly ( < 0.01), from 16.2 to 12.7% among younger adults (19-50 years), mainly due to declines in added sugars from sweetened beverages, which remained the top source. There were no changes in intake among older adults, and by 2018, the 23% difference in intake between younger and older adults that existed in 2001 almost disappeared. Declines in added sugars intake were similar among Black and White individuals, and all income, physical activity and body weight groups. Population-wide reductions in added sugars intake among younger adults over an 18 year time span coincide with the increasing public health focus on reducing added sugars intake. With the updated Nutrition Facts label now displaying added sugars content, it remains to be seen how added sugars intake trends carry forward in the future.
研究添加糖摄入量随时间的变化趋势，对于深入了解随着饮食指南和减少添加糖政策的不断演变，人群摄入量如何变化非常重要。本研究的目的是分析2001年至2018年美国成年人添加糖摄入量及来源的饮食趋势，重点关注社会人口学因素（年龄、性别、种族和民族以及收入）和健康相关因素（身体活动和体重）的差异。将连续九个两年周期的国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据合并，并进行回归分析，以检验2001年至2018年添加糖摄入量及来源的趋势。在整个样本（19岁及以上）以及按年龄（19 - 50岁、51岁及以上）、性别、种族和民族（亚洲人、黑人、西班牙裔、白人）、家庭收入（贫困收入比低、中、高）、身体活动水平（久坐、适度、剧烈）和体重状况（正常、超重、肥胖）分层的子样本中研究趋势。从2001年到2018年，年轻成年人（19 - 50岁）的添加糖摄入量（占千卡的百分比）显著下降（<0.01），从16.2%降至12.7%，主要原因是含糖饮料中的添加糖减少，含糖饮料仍是首要来源。老年人的摄入量没有变化，到2018年，2001年年轻和老年人之间存在的23%的摄入量差异几乎消失。黑人和白人个体以及所有收入、身体活动和体重组的添加糖摄入量下降情况相似。在18年的时间跨度内，年轻成年人中添加糖摄入量在全人群范围内的减少与公共卫生对减少添加糖摄入量的关注度增加相吻合。随着更新后的营养成分标签现在显示添加糖含量，未来添加糖摄入量趋势将如何发展还有待观察。
