Facultad de Medicina, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 18;10:960997. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.960997. eCollection 2022.
Processed meat consumption is increasing in Latin America. While in developed countries processed meat consumption has been associated with cardiovascular diseases and cancer, our region lacks data associated to its consumption and health impact. We characterized processed meat intake and associated factors in a population-based cohort of a Chilean agricultural county, MAUCO. We analyzed baseline dietary data of 7,841 participants, 4,358 women and 3,483 men (38-77 years), who answered an adapted Mediterranean index food frequency questionnaire. Eight percent of the participants presented high processed meat consumption (≥5 times per week). We explored associations of processed meat consumption with participant characteristics using multinomial logistic regression models. Main factors associated with higher consumption were being men, younger and currently employed, and having a high intake (>4 times per week) of red meat (Odds ratio, 2.71, 95% CI 2.10-3.48), butter/cream (1.96, 1.60-2.41), whole-fat dairy products (1.32, 1.04-1.67) and a high intake (≥1 time per day) of sugary snacks/sweets (2.49, 2.04-3.03) and sugary drinks (1.97, 1.63-2.38). Processed meat consumption associated to chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease (Prevalence ratio, 2.28, 95% CI 1.58-3.29). Obesity mediated this association in a proportion of 5.0%, whereas for diabetes the proportion was 13.9%. In this population, processed meat was associated with other unhealthy dietary and lifestyle factors, as well as with chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease.
拉丁美洲的加工肉类消费正在增加。虽然在发达国家，加工肉类消费与心血管疾病和癌症有关，但我们地区缺乏与其消费和健康影响相关的数据。我们对智利一个农业县 MAUCO 的基于人群的队列中的加工肉类摄入量及其相关因素进行了特征描述。我们分析了 7841 名参与者的基线饮食数据，其中 4358 名女性和 3483 名男性（38-77 岁），他们回答了一份经过改编的地中海指数食物频率问卷。8%的参与者存在高加工肉类消费（每周≥5 次）。我们使用多项逻辑回归模型探讨了加工肉类消费与参与者特征之间的关联。与较高消费相关的主要因素是男性、年龄较小且目前在职，以及大量摄入（每周>4 次）红肉（比值比，2.71，95%置信区间 2.10-3.48）、黄油/奶油（1.96，1.60-2.41）、全脂乳制品（1.32，1.04-1.67）以及高糖零食/糖果（2.49，2.04-3.03）和含糖饮料（1.97，1.63-2.38）的摄入（每天≥1 次）。加工肉类消费与慢性病相关，特别是心血管疾病（患病率比，2.28，95%置信区间 1.58-3.29）。肥胖在 5.0%的比例中介导了这种关联，而糖尿病的比例为 13.9%。在该人群中，加工肉类与其他不健康的饮食和生活方式因素以及慢性疾病，特别是心血管疾病有关。
