University of São Paulo. Faculty of Public Health. Department of Nutrition. Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Harvard University. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Department of Nutrition. Cambridge, MA, USA.
Rev Saude Publica. 2020 Feb 10;54:19. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001176. eCollection 2020.
To analyze the consumption of ultra-processed foods in the Colombian population across sociodemographic factors.
We used data from the 2005 National Survey of the Nutritional Status in Colombia. Food consumption was assessed using a 24-hour food recall in 38,643 individuals. The food items were classified according to the degree and extent of industrial processing using the NOVA classification.
The mean calorie contribution of ultra-processed foods ranged from 0.2% in the lowest quintile of consumers to 41.1% in the highest quintile of consumers. The greatest increases were due to the consumption of industrialized breads, sweet and savory snacks, sugary drinks, processed meats, and confectionery. No major differences were found in the consumption of ultra-processed foods between men and women. We observed significant differences by age, socioeconomic status, area of residence, and geographic region. Children and adolescents showed a higher intake of ultra-processed foods, almost double that of participants over 50 years of age. Children consumed significantly more snacks, confectionery products, processed cereals, milk-based drinks and desserts. Participants over 50 years consumed fewer products from these sub-groups of ultra-processed foods but had the highest consumption of industrialized bread. Individuals from urban areas, those with high socioeconomic status, participants residing in the Bogotá region had 1.5 to 1.7 times higher calorie intake from ultra-processed foods compared with those from a lower socioeconomic status and those residing in rural regions.
In Colombia, industrialized bread is the ultra-processed product that is most easily assimilated into the traditional diet, along with snacks and sugary drinks. Children and adolescents residing in urban areas and households with greater purchasing power have some of the highest intakes of ultra-processed foods in the country.
分析哥伦比亚人口中各种社会人口因素对超加工食品的消费情况。
我们使用了来自 2005 年哥伦比亚营养状况全国调查的数据。在 38643 名个体中，使用 24 小时食物回忆法评估食物消耗情况。根据食品工业加工程度和范围，使用 NOVA 分类法对食物进行分类。
超加工食品的平均热量贡献率从消费者最低五分位数的 0.2%到消费者最高五分位数的 41.1%不等。最大的增长归因于工业化面包、甜咸零食、含糖饮料、加工肉类和糖果的消费增加。男性和女性在超加工食品的消费方面没有明显差异。我们观察到年龄、社会经济地位、居住地区和地理区域之间存在显著差异。儿童和青少年的超加工食品摄入量较高，几乎是 50 岁以上参与者的两倍。儿童消费了更多的零食、糖果产品、加工谷物、含乳饮料和甜点。50 岁以上的参与者消费这些超加工食品子组的产品较少，但消费工业化面包的比例最高。来自城市地区、社会经济地位较高的个体、居住在波哥大地区的参与者，其超加工食品的热量摄入比社会经济地位较低和居住在农村地区的参与者高 1.5 至 1.7 倍。
在哥伦比亚，工业化面包是最容易与传统饮食同化的超加工产品，其次是零食和含糖饮料。居住在城市地区和购买力较强的家庭的儿童和青少年是该国超加工食品摄入量最高的人群之一。
