Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Center for Mathematics Research, Aguascalientes Unit, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 18;10:949893. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.949893. eCollection 2022.
Overweight and obesity in school-age children, in Mexico as in other countries around the world, is a rapidly increasing public health problem within recent years, with important consequences for the future health of the population. Various national strategies at the individual and community level have been established to prevent these conditions, but none have yet succeeded.
To describe factors which influence overweight and obesity in school-age children five to 11 years old in Mexico, and national strategies for the prevention and management of these conditions.
The data herein is derived from six National Health and Nutrition Surveys in Mexico: 2006, 2012, 2016, 2018, 2020, and 2021. They include a total of 45,216 school-age children with complete anthropometric data (weight/height) distributed over 84 pseudo-panels defined by age, wellbeing condition class (WCC), gender, and type of locality of residence. The indicators calculated were overweight and obesity by body mass index according to World Health Organization guidelines. Predictors are food consumption indicators in five groups.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity showed a positive linear trend ( < 0.001), with average annual increases of 0.41%. Increases in fruit consumption reduced the prevalence of these conditions by 6.6% ( = 0.01) and vegetable consumption reduced this by 8.3%.
Overweight and obesity in school-age children is a growing problem with serious repercussions for future life. New strategies are needed which focus on involving food systems, which translates to healthy and sustainable diets.
超重和肥胖在学龄儿童中，在墨西哥和世界其他国家一样，是近年来迅速增加的公共卫生问题，对人口未来的健康有重要影响。已经在个人和社区层面制定了各种国家战略来预防这些情况，但都尚未成功。
描述影响墨西哥 5 至 11 岁学龄儿童超重和肥胖的因素，以及预防和管理这些情况的国家战略。
本文的数据来自墨西哥的六次国家健康和营养调查：2006 年、2012 年、2016 年、2018 年、2020 年和 2021 年。它们包括总共 45216 名具有完整人体测量数据（体重/身高）的学龄儿童，这些数据分布在 84 个由年龄、健康状况类别 (WCC)、性别和居住地点类型定义的伪面板中。计算的指标是根据世界卫生组织指南通过体重指数确定的超重和肥胖。预测因子是五组食物消费指标。
超重和肥胖的患病率呈正线性趋势（<0.001），平均年增长率为 0.41%。水果消费的增加使这些情况的患病率降低了 6.6%（=0.01），蔬菜消费降低了 8.3%。
学龄儿童超重和肥胖是一个日益严重的问题，对未来生活有严重影响。需要新的战略，重点是参与食品系统，这意味着健康和可持续的饮食。
