Key Laboratory for Enzyme and Enzyme-Like Material Engineering of Heilongjiang, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Sep;106(18):5929-5944. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-12149-w. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Laetiporus species are brown rot fungi belonging to the order Polyporales in the division Basidiomycota. These species produce a variety of metabolites and provide a great source of natural material for the screening of medicinally active natural products or their derivatives. This review summarizes the research progress on bioactive metabolites of Laetiporus species up to April 2022, including biological macromolecules, for instance, polysaccharides and lectins, as well as 80 reported small molecule chemical components (15 sterols, 29 triterpenes, 10 sesquiterpenes, 5 polyenes, 10 volatile compounds, and 11 other compounds). These metabolites exhibit antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Genome mining predicted 23 terpene synthases, 7 polyketide synthases, and 9 non-ribosomal peptide synthases involved in bioactive metabolites biosynthesis, which were analyzed by antiSMASH in L. sulphureus genome. This review will provide a basis for the biosynthesis of active components in Laetiporus species and a reference for the research of medical precursors. KEY POINTS: • The mini-review summarized 80 secondary metabolites of Laetiporus spp. • The main pharmacological activities of Laetiporus spp. were summarized. • Biosynthetic genes of terpenoids, polyketides, and non-ribosomal peptides were also summarized.
松乳菇属真菌是担子菌门下伞菌目多孔菌科的褐腐真菌。这些物种产生多种代谢物，为筛选具有药用活性的天然产物或其衍生物提供了丰富的天然物质来源。本文综述了截至 2022 年 4 月松乳菇属真菌生物活性代谢物的研究进展，包括生物大分子，如多糖和凝集素，以及 80 种报道的小分子化学成分（15 种甾醇、29 种三萜、10 种倍半萜、5 种多烯、10 种挥发性化合物和 11 种其他化合物）。这些代谢物具有抗菌、抗癌、抗氧化、保肝、抗炎和抗糖尿病活性。基因组挖掘预测了 23 种萜烯合酶、7 种聚酮合酶和 9 种非核糖体肽合酶参与生物活性代谢物的生物合成，这在 L. sulphureus 基因组中通过 antiSMASH 进行了分析。本文综述为松乳菇属活性成分的生物合成提供了依据，为药用前体的研究提供了参考。关键点：• 本文综述了 80 种松乳菇属真菌的次生代谢产物。• 总结了松乳菇属真菌的主要药理活性。• 还总结了萜类、聚酮类和非核糖体肽类生物合成基因。
