Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nat Methods. 2022 Sep;19(9):1064-1071. doi: 10.1038/s41592-022-01591-3. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Engineered cardiac tissues derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells offer unique opportunities for patient-specific disease modeling, drug discovery and cardiac repair. Since the first engineered hearts were introduced over two decades ago, human induced pluripotent stem cell-based three-dimensional cardiac organoids and heart-on-a-chip systems have now become mainstays in basic cardiovascular research as valuable platforms for investigating fundamental human pathophysiology and development. However, major obstacles remain to be addressed before the field can truly advance toward commercial and clinical translation. Here we provide a snapshot of the state-of-the-art methods in cardiac tissue engineering, with a focus on in vitro models of the human heart. Looking ahead, we discuss major challenges and opportunities in the field and suggest strategies for enabling broad acceptance of engineered cardiac tissues as models of cardiac pathophysiology and testbeds for the development of therapies.
由人诱导多能干细胞衍生的工程化心脏组织为患者特异性疾病建模、药物发现和心脏修复提供了独特的机会。自二十多年前首次引入工程心脏以来，基于人诱导多能干细胞的三维心脏类器官和芯片上心脏系统现在已成为基础心血管研究的主要支柱，是研究基本人类病理生理学和发育的有价值的平台。然而，在该领域真正能够推进到商业和临床转化之前，仍需要解决主要障碍。在这里，我们提供了心脏组织工程的最新方法的概述，重点是人类心脏的体外模型。展望未来，我们讨论了该领域的主要挑战和机遇，并提出了使工程化心脏组织作为心脏病理生理学模型和治疗开发的试验台被广泛接受的策略。
