Plaha Navdeep Singh, Awasthi Sumegha, Sharma Ayushi, Kaushik Nutan
Amity Food and Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, UP India.
3 Biotech. 2022 Oct;12(10):255. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03318-9. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
Lignans have long been known for their abundant therapeutic properties due to their polyphenolic structure. Linseed is the richest plant source of lignans and has been studied widely for their properties. The most prevalent lignan, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), is consumed with linseed and converted into mammalian lignans, enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL), by the gut microbiota. SDG can easily be assessed using HPLC and its deglycosylated form viz secoisolariciresinol can be asses using GC-MS techniques. Variety of extraction and analysis methods has been reported for plant lignans. SDG is known to have therapeutic properties including anti-oxidant, anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, modulation of gene expression, anti-diabetic, estrogenic and anti-estrogenic. Despite a large number of bioactivities, strong evidences for the underlying mechanisms for most of the properties are still unknown. SDG is most studied for its anti-cancerous properties. But the use of lignans as anti-carcinogenic agent is limited and commercially not reported due to challenges of purification at commercial level, rapid metabolism, untargeted delivery and toxic compounds associated with lignans. Exploration of more prominent and active derivatives of SDG and their targeted drug delivery should be an important research toward the use of bioactive lignans of linseed.
由于木脂素的多酚结构，其丰富的治疗特性早已为人所知。亚麻籽是木脂素最丰富的植物来源，人们对其特性进行了广泛研究。最常见的木脂素，开环异落叶松脂醇二葡萄糖苷（SDG），与亚麻籽一同被摄入，并被肠道微生物群转化为哺乳动物木脂素肠二醇（END）和肠内酯（ENL）。SDG可以很容易地用高效液相色谱法进行评估，其去糖基化形式即开环异落叶松脂醇可以用气相色谱 - 质谱技术进行评估。对于植物木脂素，已经报道了多种提取和分析方法。已知SDG具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗炎、调节基因表达、抗糖尿病、雌激素和抗雌激素等治疗特性。尽管有大量的生物活性，但大多数特性的潜在机制的有力证据仍然未知。SDG因其抗癌特性得到了最多的研究。但是由于商业层面纯化的挑战、快速代谢、非靶向递送以及与木脂素相关的有毒化合物，木脂素作为抗癌剂的使用受到限制且尚未有商业报道。探索SDG更突出和活跃的衍生物及其靶向药物递送应该是亚麻籽生物活性木脂素应用方面的一项重要研究。
