NCCIH, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Adv Neurobiol. 2022;28:259-280. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-07167-6_11.
This chapter reviews recent work showing that vertebrate motoneurons can trigger spontaneous rhythmic activity in the developing spinal cord and can modulate the function of several different central pattern generators later in development. In both the embryonic chick and the fetal mouse spinal cords, antidromic activation of motoneurons can trigger bouts of rhythmic activity. In the neonatal mouse, optogenetic manipulation of motoneuron firing can modulate the frequency of fictive locomotion activated by a drug cocktail. In adult animals, motoneurons have been shown to regulate swimming in the zebrafish, and vocalization in fish and frogs. We discuss the significance of these findings and the degree to which motoneurons may be considered a part of these central pattern generators.
本章回顾了最近的研究工作，这些工作表明脊椎动物运动神经元可以在发育中的脊髓中引发自发的节律性活动，并可以在发育后期调节几种不同的中枢模式发生器的功能。在胚胎鸡和胎鼠的脊髓中，逆行激活运动神经元可以引发一阵节律性活动。在新生小鼠中，通过光遗传学手段操纵运动神经元的放电可以调节药物鸡尾酒激活的虚拟运动的频率。在成年动物中，运动神经元被证明可以调节斑马鱼的游泳和鱼类及青蛙的发声。我们讨论了这些发现的意义，以及运动神经元在多大程度上可以被视为这些中枢模式发生器的一部分。
