Chantre-Justino Mariana, Alves Gilda, Delmonico Lucas
Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (INTO), Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil.
Circulating Biomarkers Laboratory, Pathology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil.
Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2022;3(4):533-552. doi: 10.37349/etat.2022.00099. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) represent the most common epithelial tumors that arise from mucosa of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. The development of HNSCCs is usually associated with tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Most HNSCCs are diagnosed in advanced states, leading to a worse clinical outcome. Screening tests based on potential biomarkers associated with HNSCCs could improve this scenario. Liquid biopsy has emerged as a promising area of cancer investigation, offering a minimally invasive approach to track circulating biomarkers in body fluids that could potentially contribute to the diagnosis, predict prognosis, and monitor response to treatment. This review will discuss translational studies describing the clinical applications of liquid biopsy in HPV-negative and HPV-positive HNSCCs focused on circulating nucleic acids [cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and cell-free RNA (cfRNA)], circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can be found in plasma, serum, and saliva.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCCs）是起源于口腔、咽和喉黏膜的最常见上皮性肿瘤。HNSCCs的发生通常与吸烟、饮酒和人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染有关。大多数HNSCCs在晚期才被诊断出来，导致临床结局较差。基于与HNSCCs相关的潜在生物标志物的筛查测试可能会改善这种情况。液体活检已成为癌症研究中一个有前景的领域，它提供了一种微创方法来追踪体液中的循环生物标志物，这些生物标志物可能有助于诊断、预测预后以及监测治疗反应。本综述将讨论描述液体活检在HPV阴性和HPV阳性HNSCCs中的临床应用的转化研究，重点关注循环核酸[游离DNA（cfDNA）和游离RNA（cfRNA）]、循环肿瘤细胞（CTCs）和细胞外囊泡（EVs），它们可在血浆、血清和唾液中被发现。
