Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Sep 21;70(37):11468-11480. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03916. Epub 2022 Sep 8.
In recent years, heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious. Heavy metals exist in an environment mainly in the form of ions (heavy metal ions, HMs). They can contaminate food, water, soil, and the atmosphere, leading to serious harm to plants and animals. With high bioavailability and nonbiodegradability, HMs can accumulate through biomagnification. Consequently, heavy metal pollution has become the cause of many fatal diseases threatening human health and ecological environment. Therefore, the accurate detection of HMs is vital and necessary. In this paper, the harm and limit standards of heavy metals were systematically summarized and the common analysis methods were overviewed and compared. Specifically, the latest research progress of ratiometric photoelectric sensor, including optical and electrical sensor, were mainly described. The research status and advantages and disadvantages of a photoelectric sensor were summarized. Furthermore, the future directions were proposed, which provided the reference for the further research and application of the ratiometric photoelectric sensor.
近年来，重金属污染问题日益严重。重金属主要以离子（重金属离子，HMs）的形式存在于环境中。它们可以污染食物、水、土壤和大气，对植物和动物造成严重危害。由于重金属离子具有高生物利用度和不可生物降解性，它们可以通过生物放大作用积累。因此，重金属污染已成为威胁人类健康和生态环境的许多致命疾病的根源。因此，准确检测重金属是至关重要和必要的。本文系统地总结了重金属的危害和限量标准，并综述和比较了常见的分析方法。具体而言，主要描述了比率光电传感器，包括光学和电学传感器的最新研究进展。总结了光电传感器的研究现状和优缺点。此外，还提出了未来的发展方向，为比率光电传感器的进一步研究和应用提供了参考。
