Department of Electronics, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Apr 20;23(8):4125. doi: 10.3390/s23084125.
Heavy metal ions, one of the major pollutants in the environment, exhibit non-degradable and bio-chain accumulation characteristics, seriously damage the environment, and threaten human health. Traditional heavy metal ion detection methods often require complex and expensive instruments, professional operation, tedious sample preparation, high requirements for laboratory conditions, and operator professionalism, and they cannot be widely used in the field for real-time and rapid detection. Therefore, developing portable, highly sensitive, selective, and economical sensors is necessary for the detection of toxic metal ions in the field. This paper presents portable sensing based on optical and electrochemical methods for the in situ detection of trace heavy metal ions. Progress in research on portable sensor devices based on fluorescence, colorimetric, portable surface Raman enhancement, plasmon resonance, and various electrical parameter analysis principles is highlighted, and the characteristics of the detection limits, linear detection ranges, and stability of the various sensing methods are analyzed. Accordingly, this review provides a reference for the design of portable heavy metal ion sensing.
重金属离子是环境中的主要污染物之一，具有不可降解和生物链积累的特点，严重破坏环境，威胁人类健康。传统的重金属离子检测方法通常需要复杂且昂贵的仪器、专业的操作、繁琐的样品制备、对实验室条件的高要求以及操作人员的专业性，因此无法在现场进行实时和快速检测。因此，开发便携式、高灵敏度、选择性和经济实惠的传感器对于现场检测有毒金属离子是必要的。本文提出了基于光学和电化学方法的便携式传感技术，用于原位检测痕量重金属离子。重点介绍了基于荧光、比色、便携式表面拉曼增强、等离子体共振以及各种电参数分析原理的便携式传感器设备的研究进展，并分析了各种传感方法的检测限、线性检测范围和稳定性的特点。因此，本综述为便携式重金属离子传感的设计提供了参考。
