Dada Lubna, Angot Hélène, Beck Ivo, Baccarini Andrea, Quéléver Lauriane L J, Boyer Matthew, Laurila Tiia, Brasseur Zoé, Jozef Gina, de Boer Gijs, Shupe Matthew D, Henning Silvia, Bucci Silvia, Dütsch Marina, Stohl Andreas, Petäjä Tuukka, Daellenbach Kaspar R, Jokinen Tuija, Schmale Julia
Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, 1951, Sion, Switzerland.
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
Nat Commun. 2022 Sep 8;13(1):5290. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32872-2.
Frequency and intensity of warm and moist air-mass intrusions into the Arctic have increased over the past decades and have been related to sea ice melt. During our year-long expedition in the remote central Arctic Ocean, a record-breaking increase in temperature, moisture and downwelling-longwave radiation was observed in mid-April 2020, during an air-mass intrusion carrying air pollutants from northern Eurasia. The two-day intrusion, caused drastic changes in the aerosol size distribution, chemical composition and particle hygroscopicity. Here we show how the intrusion transformed the Arctic from a remote low-particle environment to an area comparable to a central-European urban setting. Additionally, the intrusion resulted in an explosive increase in cloud condensation nuclei, which can have direct effects on Arctic clouds' radiation, their precipitation patterns, and their lifetime. Thus, unless prompt actions to significantly reduce emissions in the source regions are taken, such intrusion events are expected to continue to affect the Arctic climate.
在过去几十年里，暖湿气团侵入北极的频率和强度有所增加，且与海冰融化有关。在我们为期一年的北冰洋中部偏远地区考察期间，2020年4月中旬，在一次携带来自欧亚大陆北部空气污染物的气团侵入过程中，观测到温度、湿度和向下长波辐射出现破纪录的增加。这次持续两天的气团侵入导致了气溶胶粒径分布、化学成分和颗粒吸湿性的剧烈变化。在此我们展示了这次气团侵入如何将北极从一个偏远的低颗粒物环境转变为一个与中欧城市环境相当的区域。此外，这次气团侵入导致云凝结核数量呈爆发式增长，这可能会对北极云的辐射、降水模式及其寿命产生直接影响。因此，除非立即采取行动大幅减少源区排放，否则预计此类气团侵入事件将继续影响北极气候。
