Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea.
University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 4;7:40051. doi: 10.1038/srep40051.
In January 2016, the Arctic experienced an extremely anomalous warming event after an extraordinary increase in air temperature at the end of 2015. During this event, a strong intrusion of warm and moist air and an increase in downward longwave radiation, as well as a loss of sea ice in the Barents and Kara seas, were observed. Observational analyses revealed that the abrupt warming was triggered by the entry of a strong Atlantic windstorm into the Arctic in late December 2015, which brought enormous moist and warm air masses to the Arctic. Although the storm terminated at the eastern coast of Greenland in late December, it was followed by a prolonged blocking period in early 2016 that sustained the extreme Arctic warming. Numerical experiments indicate that the warming effect of sea ice loss and associated upward turbulent heat fluxes are relatively minor in this event. This result suggests the importance of the synoptically driven warm and moist air intrusion into the Arctic as a primary contributing factor of this extreme Arctic warming event.
2016 年 1 月，北极经历了一次极其异常的变暖事件，此前在 2015 年底出现了气温的异常升高。在此次事件中，观察到了一股强烈的暖湿空气的强烈入侵和向下长波辐射的增加，以及巴伦支海和喀拉海的海冰减少。观测分析表明，这种突然的变暖是由 2015 年 12 月底一股强烈的大西洋风暴进入北极引发的，该风暴给北极带来了大量的暖湿空气。尽管风暴在 12 月底终止于格陵兰岛东海岸，但随后在 2016 年初出现了一段长时间的阻塞期，持续维持了极端的北极变暖。数值实验表明，在此次事件中，海冰损失和相关向上湍流传热通量的变暖效应相对较小。这一结果表明，作为此次极端北极变暖事件的主要因素之一，天气尺度驱动的暖湿空气入侵北极的重要性。
