Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China.
Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 27;23(17):9726. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179726.
Seed size is a key factor affecting crop yield and a major agronomic trait concerned in peanut ( L.) breeding. However, little is known about the regulation mechanism of peanut seed size. In the present study, a peanut () was identified through irradiating peanut cultivar Luhua11 (LH11) using Coγ ray. Since the globular embryo stage, the embryo size of was significantly smaller than that of LH11. The dry seed weight of was only 39.69% of the wild type LH14. The seeds were wrinkled with darker seed coat. The oil content of seeds were also decreased significantly. Seeds of and LH11 were sampled 10, 20, and 40 days after pegging (DAP) and were used for RNA-seq. The results revealed that genes involved in plant hormones and several transcription factors related to seed development were differentially expressed at all three stages, especially at DAP10 and DAP20. Genes of fatty acid biosynthesis and late embryogenesis abundant protein were significantly decreased to compare with LH11. Interestingly, the gene profiling data suggested that and/or could be the key candidate genes leading to the small seed phenotype of the mutant. Our results provide valuable clues for further understanding the mechanisms underlying seed size control in peanut.
种子大小是影响作物产量的关键因素，也是花生（L.）育种中主要的农艺性状。然而，关于花生种子大小的调控机制知之甚少。本研究通过 Coγ射线辐照花生品种鲁花 11（LH11），鉴定出一个花生突变体（）。从球形胚期开始，突变体的胚大小明显小于 LH11。突变体的干种子重量仅为野生型 LH14 的 39.69%。种子皱缩，种皮颜色较深。突变体种子的油含量也显著降低。在刺果后 10、20 和 40 天（DAP）分别采集和 LH11 的种子，并进行 RNA-seq。结果表明，在所有三个阶段，参与植物激素的基因和与种子发育相关的几个转录因子都有差异表达，尤其是在 DAP10 和 DAP20。与 LH11 相比，脂肪酸生物合成和晚期胚胎丰富蛋白的基因显著下调。有趣的是，基因表达谱数据表明，和/或可能是导致突变体小种子表型的关键候选基因。我们的研究结果为进一步了解花生种子大小调控机制提供了有价值的线索。
