Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 2;23(17):10018. doi: 10.3390/ijms231710018.
The alteration of iron homeostasis related to the aging process is responsible for increased iron levels, potentially leading to oxidative cellular damage. Iron is modulated in the Central Nervous System in a very sensitive manner and an abnormal accumulation of iron in the brain has been proposed as a biomarker of neurodegeneration. However, contrasting results have been presented regarding brain iron accumulation and the potential link with other factors during aging and neurodegeneration. Such uncertainties partly depend on the fact that different techniques can be used to estimate the distribution of iron in the brain, e.g., indirect (e.g., MRI) or direct (post-mortem estimation) approaches. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that the propensity of brain cells to accumulate excessive iron as a function of aging largely depends on their anatomical location. This review aims to collect the available data on the association between iron concentration in the brain and aging, shedding light on potential mechanisms that may be helpful in the detection of physiological neurodegeneration processes and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
与衰老过程相关的铁稳态改变导致铁水平升高，可能导致细胞氧化损伤。铁在中枢神经系统中受到非常敏感的调节，脑内铁的异常积累被提出作为神经退行性变的生物标志物。然而，关于脑铁积累及其与衰老和神经退行性变过程中其他因素的潜在联系，存在相互矛盾的结果。这种不确定性部分取决于这样一个事实，即可以使用不同的技术来估计铁在大脑中的分布，例如间接（例如，MRI）或直接（死后估计）方法。此外，最近的证据表明，脑细胞随着年龄的增长积累过多铁的倾向在很大程度上取决于它们的解剖位置。本综述旨在收集关于大脑中铁浓度与衰老之间关系的现有数据，阐明可能有助于检测生理神经退行性过程和神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病）的潜在机制。
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