Zhuang Zhong, Yang Tingshuo, Jia Wenqian, Bai Meng, Bai Hao, Wang Zhixiu, Chen Guohong, Jiang Yong, Chang Guobin
Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Sep 1;12(17):2268. doi: 10.3390/ani12172268.
The reasons for differences in lipid depositions between fatty-type (F-T) and lean-type (L-T) ducks remain unknown. The present study aimed to compare the growth performance, lipid deposition, and gene expression related to lipid droplet formation in F-T and L-T Pekin ducks. One-day-old, 140 each L-T and F-T male ducks were selected and distributed separately into 20 replicate cages. All ducks were fed commercial diets up to 35 d of age. F-T ducks had a higher average daily gain from 21 to 28 d of age. On 35-day-old, F-T ducks had higher serum levels of high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cholesterol, albumin, and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase activity than L-T ducks. F-T ducks had higher abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat percentages than those in L-T ducks. Liver histological examination showed that L-T ducks contained more lipid droplets in the liver, which gradually decreased with increasing age. The average adipocyte area and diameter of abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat in the F-T and L-T ducks increased with age and were higher in F-T ducks than those in L-T ducks. Furthermore, the gene expression of perilipin 1, perilipin 2, angiopoietin-like protein 4, adipose triglyceride lipase, alpha/beta-hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5), and serine/threonine kinase 17a in the liver, abdominal fat, and subcutaneous fat of F-T ducks was higher than that in L-T ducks, and it increased with age. Compared to L-T ducks, F-T ducks had higher expression of ABHD5 in the abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat and lower expression in the liver. Thus, F-T ducks displayed lower hepatic lipid deposition and a higher percentage of abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat, suggesting that F-T ducks had higher lipid storage capacity due to increased gene expression related to lipid droplets.
脂肪型（F-T）鸭和瘦肉型（L-T）鸭脂质沉积存在差异的原因尚不清楚。本研究旨在比较F-T和L-T北京鸭的生长性能、脂质沉积以及与脂滴形成相关的基因表达。选取1日龄的L-T和F-T公鸭各140只，分别饲养于20个重复的笼子中。所有鸭子在35日龄前均饲喂商业日粮。F-T鸭在21至28日龄时平均日增重较高。35日龄时，F-T鸭血清中高密度和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、胆固醇、白蛋白水平以及羟丁酸脱氢酶活性均高于L-T鸭。F-T鸭腹部脂肪和皮下脂肪百分比高于L-T鸭。肝脏组织学检查显示，L-T鸭肝脏中含有更多脂滴，且随着年龄增长逐渐减少。F-T和L-T鸭腹部脂肪和皮下脂肪的平均脂肪细胞面积和直径随年龄增加，且F-T鸭高于L-T鸭。此外，F-T鸭肝脏、腹部脂肪和皮下脂肪中围脂滴蛋白1、围脂滴蛋白2、血管生成素样蛋白4、脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶、含α/β水解酶结构域蛋白5（ABHD5）和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶17a的基因表达高于L-T鸭，且随年龄增加。与L-T鸭相比，F-T鸭腹部脂肪和皮下脂肪中ABHD5表达较高，而肝脏中表达较低。因此，F-T鸭肝脏脂质沉积较低，腹部脂肪和皮下脂肪百分比较高，表明F-T鸭由于与脂滴相关的基因表达增加而具有更高的脂质储存能力。
