基于 CRISPR/Cas13 的 RNA 编辑在植物中的应用。
Applications of CRISPR/Cas13-Based RNA Editing in Plants.
机构信息
Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M University System, 2415 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA.
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University System, 2132 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
出版信息
Cells. 2022 Aug 27;11(17):2665. doi: 10.3390/cells11172665.
The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) system is widely used as a genome-editing tool in various organisms, including plants, to elucidate the fundamental understanding of gene function, disease diagnostics, and crop improvement. Among the CRISPR/Cas systems, Cas9 is one of the widely used nucleases for DNA modifications, but manipulation of RNA at the post-transcriptional level is limited. The recently identified type VI CRISPR/Cas systems provide a platform for precise RNA manipulation without permanent changes to the genome. Several studies reported efficient application of Cas13 in RNA studies, such as viral interference, RNA knockdown, and RNA detection in various organisms. Cas13 was also used to produce virus resistance in plants, as most plant viruses are RNA viruses. However, the application of CRISPR/Cas13 to studies of plant RNA biology is still in its infancy. This review discusses the current and prospective applications of CRISPR/Cas13-based RNA editing technologies in plants.
簇状规律间隔短回文重复（CRISPR）/CRISPR 相关（Cas）系统被广泛用作包括植物在内的各种生物体的基因组编辑工具，以阐明基因功能、疾病诊断和作物改良的基本原理。在 CRISPR/Cas 系统中，Cas9 是广泛用于 DNA 修饰的核酸酶之一，但对转录后水平的 RNA 操作受到限制。最近发现的 VI 型 CRISPR/Cas 系统为精确的 RNA 操作提供了一个平台，而不会对基因组造成永久性改变。有几项研究报告了 Cas13 在 RNA 研究中的有效应用，例如病毒干扰、RNA 敲低以及各种生物体中的 RNA 检测。Cas13 还被用于植物的抗病毒，因为大多数植物病毒是 RNA 病毒。然而，CRISPR/Cas13 在植物 RNA 生物学研究中的应用仍处于起步阶段。本文讨论了基于 CRISPR/Cas13 的 RNA 编辑技术在植物中的当前和潜在应用。
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