Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico.
CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2022 Sep 5;14(17):3663. doi: 10.3390/nu14173663.
Açaí, lychee, mamey, passion fruit and jackfruit are some lesser-consumed tropical fruits due to their low commercial production. In 2018, approximately 6.8 million tons of these fruits were harvested, representing about 6.35% of the total world production of tropical fruits. The present work reviews the nutritional content, profile of bioactive compounds, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of these fruits and their by-products, and their ability to modulate oxidative stress due to the content of phenolic compounds, carotenoids and dietary fiber. Açaí pulp is an excellent source of anthocyanins (587 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents/100 g dry weight, dw), mamey pulp is rich in carotenoids (36.12 mg β-carotene/100 g fresh weight, fw), passion fruit peel is rich in dietary fiber (61.16 g/100 dw). At the same time, jackfruit contains unique compounds such as moracin C, artocarpesin, norartocarpetin and oxyresveratrol. These molecules play an important role in the regulation of inflammation via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (including p38, ERK and JNK) and nuclear factor κB pathways. The properties of the bioactive compounds found in these fruits make them a good source for use as food ingredients for nutritional purposes or alternative therapies. Research is needed to confirm their health benefits that can increase their marketability, which can benefit the primary producers, processing industries (particularly smaller ones) and the final consumer, while an integral use of their by-products will allow their incorporation into the circular bioeconomy.
由于商业产量低，阿萨伊、荔枝、人心果、百香果和菠萝蜜是一些不太受欢迎的热带水果。2018 年，这些水果的收获量约为 680 万吨，占热带水果总产量的 6.35%左右。本综述回顾了这些水果及其副产品的营养成分、生物活性化合物组成、抗氧化和抗炎能力，以及由于酚类化合物、类胡萝卜素和膳食纤维的含量，它们调节氧化应激的能力。阿萨伊果肉是花色苷（587mg 矢车菊-3-葡萄糖苷当量/100g 干重，dw）的极好来源，人心果果肉富含类胡萝卜素（36.12mgβ-胡萝卜素/100g 鲜重，fw），百香果果皮富含膳食纤维（61.16g/100dw）。同时，菠萝蜜含有独特的化合物，如密苏里花椒素 C、刺桐素、去甲氧基桔霉素和氧化白藜芦醇。这些分子通过激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（包括 p38、ERK 和 JNK）和核因子κB 途径，在调节炎症中发挥重要作用。这些水果中发现的生物活性化合物的特性使它们成为用于营养目的或替代疗法的食品成分的良好来源。需要进一步的研究来证实它们的健康益处，从而提高它们的市场吸引力，这将使初级生产者、加工行业（特别是较小的加工行业）和最终消费者受益，同时综合利用它们的副产品将使它们能够纳入循环生物经济。
