Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14167-53955, Iran.
School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Toronto ON M5B-2K3, Canada.
Int J Clin Pract. 2022 Aug 24;2022:8310260. doi: 10.1155/2022/8310260. eCollection 2022.
Childhood is a critical period for susceptibility to malnutrition. The consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) has been increasing among children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between UPF intake and overweight/obesity and malnutrition in children. 788 children aged 6 years were included in a population-based cross-sectional study in Tehran. A 168-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intake. UPFs were detected using the NOVA classification system. Logistic regression analyses were used, and results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of obesity and malnutrition across the tertiles of UPFs adjusted for energy intake, socioeconomic status, and physical activity. The mean weight, height, BMI, and total energy intake of participants were 20.85 ± 2.35 kg, 113.75 ± 2.00 cm, 16.12 + 1.84 kg/m, and 1014.74 ± 259.16 (kcal/d), respectively. There were no significant associations between UPF intake and obesity (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.31 to 3.01; P-trend = 0.98), wasting (OR = 0.94; 95% CI 0.30 to 2.87; P-trend = 0.87), overweight/obesity (OR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.59 to 1.25; P-trend = 0.45), underweight/wasting (OR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.40 to 1.17; P-trend = 0.17), marginal-stunting (OR = 1.16; 95% CI 0.71 to 1.89; P-trend = 0.53), or marginal-stunting/overweight/obesity (OR = 1.25; 95% CI 0.62 to 2.54; P-trend = 0.47). There was no evidence of an association between intake of UPFs and risk of overweight, obesity, and malnutrition in children.
儿童期是易患营养不良的关键时期。儿童中超加工食品（UPFs）的消费一直在增加。本研究旨在评估 UPF 摄入与超重/肥胖和儿童营养不良之间的关系。在德黑兰进行的一项基于人群的横断面研究中，纳入了 788 名 6 岁儿童。使用 168 项半定量食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入。使用 NOVA 分类系统检测 UPF。使用逻辑回归分析，结果以肥胖和营养不良在 UPF 摄入量三分位数的优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）报告，调整了能量摄入、社会经济地位和体力活动。参与者的平均体重、身高、BMI 和总能量摄入量分别为 20.85 ± 2.35kg、113.75 ± 2.00cm、16.12 + 1.84kg/m 和 1014.74 ± 259.16（kcal/d）。UPF 摄入与肥胖（OR=0.97；95%CI 0.31 至 3.01；P 趋势=0.98）、消瘦（OR=0.94；95%CI 0.30 至 2.87；P 趋势=0.87）、超重/肥胖（OR=0.86；95%CI 0.59 至 1.25；P 趋势=0.45）、消瘦/消瘦（OR=0.69；95%CI 0.40 至 1.17；P 趋势=0.17）、边缘性发育迟缓（OR=1.16；95%CI 0.71 至 1.89；P 趋势=0.53）或边缘性发育迟缓/超重/肥胖（OR=1.25；95%CI 0.62 至 2.54；P 趋势=0.47）之间均无关联。没有证据表明 UPF 摄入与儿童超重、肥胖和营养不良的风险之间存在关联。
