Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Nutr Diabetes. 2024 Oct 22;14(1):89. doi: 10.1038/s41387-024-00337-8.
Ultra-processed foods mainly have high energy content and density and low nutrients. Unhealthy lifestyles mainly develop cardiovascular diseases and, as a result, unhealthy food patterns.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and the risk of novel cardiovascular disease (CVDs) in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM).
This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 490 type-2 diabetes mellitus patients. A validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire evaluated food intake. Ultra-processed foods were assessed according to NOVA classification. Cardiovascular risk factors such as Castelli risk index 1 and 2 (CRI-I and II), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and cholesterol index (CI) were assessed by traditional CVD risk factors. The anthropometric indices predicting CVD, such as a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), and abdominal volume index (AVI), were assessed.
Each 20-gram increase in UPF consumption was associated with a significant elevation in serum level of TC [B (SE): 1.214 (0.537); 95% CI: 0.159-2.269] and lower HDL serum concentration [B (SE): -0.371 (0.155); 95% CI: -0.675 to -0.067]. The crude model for CRI 1 [B (SE): 0.032 (0.012); 95% CI: 0.009-0.056], CRI 2 [B (SE): 0.022 (0.009); 95% CI: 0.004-0.040], and AIP [B (SE): 0.006 (0.003); 95% CI: 0.000-0.012] showed significant adverse effects.
Our study showed that higher consumption of UPFs is associated with higher chances of developing cardiovascular diseases in T2DM patients.
超加工食品主要具有高热量和高浓度，而低营养的特点。不健康的生活方式主要导致心血管疾病，并因此导致不健康的食物模式。
本研究旨在探讨超加工食品（UPFs）的摄入与 2 型糖尿病患者（T2DM）新发心血管疾病（CVD）风险之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 490 名 2 型糖尿病患者。采用经过验证的 168 项食物频率问卷评估食物摄入量。根据 NOVA 分类法评估超加工食品。使用传统 CVD 风险因素评估心血管风险因素，如 Castelli 风险指数 1 和 2（CRI-I 和 II）、血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数（AIP）、脂质蓄积产物（LAP）和胆固醇指数（CI）。评估预测 CVD 的人体测量学指标，如体型指数（ABSI）、体圆度指数（BRI）和腹部容量指数（AVI）。
超加工食品摄入量每增加 20 克，血清总胆固醇水平显著升高[B（SE）：1.214（0.537）；95%CI：0.159-2.269]，高密度脂蛋白血清浓度降低[B（SE）：-0.371（0.155）；95%CI：-0.675 至 -0.067]。CRI 1 的粗模型[B（SE）：0.032（0.012）；95%CI：0.009-0.056]、CRI 2 [B（SE）：0.022（0.009）；95%CI：0.004-0.040]和 AIP [B（SE）：0.006（0.003）；95%CI：0.000-0.012]均显示出显著的不良影响。
本研究表明，超加工食品的摄入量较高与 T2DM 患者发生心血管疾病的风险增加有关。
