Zhang Xiaoqian, Wang Qiong, Gao Ziyu, Zhang Zifeng, Wu Jing, Zhang Zhixin, Niu Wenquan
Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Dec 11;10:1228799. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1228799. eCollection 2023.
Child malnutrition places a major burden on global public health. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of child malnutrition and identify its potential factors among children aged 3-14 years from Beijing and Tangshan.
We cross-sectionally recruited 18,503 children aged 3-14 years from September 2020 to January 2022, according to a stratified cluster random sampling strategy. Child malnutrition was defined according to the World Health Organization criteria. Data were analyzed by STATA software and R language.
The prevalence of malnutrition among 18,503 children was 10.93%. After multivariable adjustment, seven factors significantly associated with child malnutrition were parental education (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, : 1.52, 1.40 to 1.67, <0.001), family income (1.23, 1.16 to 1.30, <0.001), fast food intake frequency (1.14, 1.06 to 1.21, <0.001), night meals intake frequency (1.09, 1.04 to 1.15, <0.001), eating speed (1.01, 1.01 to 1.02, <0.001), maternal obesity (0.97, 0.95 to 0.99, <0.001), and paternal obesity (0.97, 0.96 to 0.98, <0.001). The seven significant factors had better prediction performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic, 0.956) for child malnutrition.
Approximately 10% of Chinese children aged 3-14 years were in malnutrition status, and seven factors were found to be significant predictors for child malnutrition.
儿童营养不良给全球公共卫生带来了沉重负担。我们旨在估算北京和唐山3至14岁儿童中营养不良的患病率，并确定其潜在影响因素。
根据分层整群随机抽样策略，于2020年9月至2022年1月对18503名3至14岁儿童进行横断面招募。儿童营养不良根据世界卫生组织标准定义。数据采用STATA软件和R语言进行分析。
18503名儿童中营养不良的患病率为10.93%。经过多变量调整后，与儿童营养不良显著相关的七个因素为父母教育程度（调整后的比值比，95%置信区间：1.52，1.40至1.67，<0.001）、家庭收入（1.23，1.16至1.30，<0.001）、快餐摄入频率（1.14，1.06至1.21，<0.001）、晚餐摄入频率（1.09，1.04至1.15，<0.001）、进食速度（1.01，1.01至1.02，<0.001）、母亲肥胖（0.97，0.95至0.99，<0.001）和父亲肥胖（0.97，0.96至0.98，<0.001）。这七个显著因素对儿童营养不良具有较好的预测性能（受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.956）。
中国约10%的3至14岁儿童处于营养不良状态，并且发现七个因素是儿童营养不良的显著预测因素。
