NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Sep 9;20(1):407. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01616-1.
Macrophages are essential immune cells and play a major role in the immune response as pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory agents depending on their plasticity and functions. Infiltration and activation of macrophages are usually involved in wound healing. Herein, we first described macrophage polarization and their critical functions in wound healing process. It is addressed how macrophages collaborate with other immune cells in the wound microenvironment. Targeting macrophages by manipulating or re-educating macrophages in inflammation using nanomedicines is a novel and feasible strategy for wound management. We discussed the design and physicochemical properties of nanomaterials and their functions for macrophages activation and anti-inflammatory signaling during wound therapy. The mechanism of action of the strategies and appropriate examples are also summarized to highlight the pros and cons of those approaches. Finally, the potential of nanomedicines to modulate macrophage polarization for skin regeneration is discussed.
巨噬细胞是重要的免疫细胞，根据其可塑性和功能，作为促炎或抗炎剂在免疫反应中发挥主要作用。巨噬细胞的浸润和激活通常与伤口愈合有关。在此，我们首先描述了巨噬细胞极化及其在伤口愈合过程中的关键功能。文中讨论了巨噬细胞如何与伤口微环境中的其他免疫细胞协同作用。利用纳米药物操纵或重新教育炎症中的巨噬细胞以靶向巨噬细胞是一种用于伤口管理的新型且可行的策略。我们讨论了纳米材料的设计和物理化学性质及其在伤口治疗过程中激活巨噬细胞和抗炎信号的功能。还总结了这些策略的作用机制和适当的例子，以突出这些方法的优缺点。最后，讨论了纳米药物调节巨噬细胞极化以促进皮肤再生的潜力。
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