Department of Food and Nutrition, Toyama College.
J Oleo Sci. 2022 Sep 30;71(10):1511-1519. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess22153. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
A high-fat diet is believed to be a risk factor for hypertension through inducing obesity. It has been reported that variants of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) and beta-3 adrenergic receptor (B3AR) genes are associated with obesity and blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary fat on blood pressure with or without the variant of the FTO and B3AR genes. A total of 227 healthy Japanese women aged 18 to 64 years were recruited for measurement of nutrient intake and blood pressure. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 of the FTO gene and rs4994 of the B3AR gene were genotyped. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was applied to investigate the relationship between fat intake and blood pressure. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to determine whether the genotype interacts with fat intake to affect blood pressure. No significant correlations were found between fat intake and either systolic or diastolic blood pressure. A significant negative correlation was found between fat intake and both blood pressures in the FTO-gene-variant group, but not in the normal-FTO-gene group. In hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the interaction of fat intake and the gene variant showed significance, and the change in coefficient of determination (R ) was significantly increased with increases of the interaction variable. These results indicate that the effect of fat intake on blood pressure may be modified by the variant of the FTO gene such that a high-fat diet intake may be associated with a decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in healthy Japanese women with the FTO variant. Our results did not support the hypothesis that a high-fat diet increases blood pressure.
高脂肪饮食被认为是通过诱导肥胖导致高血压的一个风险因素。据报道，脂肪质量和肥胖相关（FTO）和β-3 肾上腺素能受体（B3AR）基因的变异与肥胖和血压有关。本研究旨在探讨在存在或不存在 FTO 和 B3AR 基因变异的情况下，膳食脂肪对血压的影响。共招募了 227 名年龄在 18 至 64 岁之间的健康日本女性，以测量营养素摄入和血压。对 FTO 基因的单核苷酸多态性 rs9939609 和 B3AR 基因的 rs4994 进行了基因分型。应用 Spearman 秩相关系数来研究脂肪摄入量与血压之间的关系。采用分层多重回归分析来确定基因型是否与脂肪摄入量相互作用以影响血压。脂肪摄入量与收缩压或舒张压均无显著相关性。在 FTO 基因突变组中，脂肪摄入量与两种血压均呈显著负相关，但在正常 FTO 基因组中则无此相关性。在分层多重回归分析中，脂肪摄入量和基因变异的相互作用具有显著性，并且随着交互变量的增加，决定系数（R ）的变化显著增加。这些结果表明，脂肪摄入量对血压的影响可能受到 FTO 基因变异的调节，即高脂肪饮食摄入可能与 FTO 变异的健康日本女性的收缩压和舒张压降低有关。我们的结果不支持高脂肪饮食会升高血压的假设。
