Yang Qingmin, Zhao Jian, Muhammad Arif, Tian Lihua, Liu Yongchun, Chen Lixin, Yang Peng
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2022 Aug 24;16:100407. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100407. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Surface engineering of particles based on a polymeric coating is of great interest in materials design and applications. Due to the disadvantages of non-biodegradability and undesirable biocompatibility, the application of petroleum-based synthetic polymers coating in the biomedical field has been greatly limited. In addition, there is lack of a universal surface modification method to functionalize particles of different compositions, sizes, shapes, and structures. Thus, it is imperative to develop a versatile biopolymeric coating with good biocompatibility and tunable biodegradability for the preparation of functional particle materials regardless of their surface chemical and physical structures. Recently, the natural polysaccharide polymers (e.g. chitosan and cellulose), polyphenol-based biopolymers (e.g. polydopamine and tannic acid), and proteins (e.g. amyloid-like aggregates) have been utilized in surface modification of particles, and applications of these modified particles in the field of biomedicine have been also intensively exploited. In this review, the preparation of the above three coatings on particles surface are summarized, and the applications of these materials in drug loading/release, biomineralization, cell immobilization/protection, enzyme immobilization/protection, and antibacterial/antiviral are exemplified. Finally, the challenges and the future research directions on biopolymer coating for particles surface engineering are prospected.
基于聚合物涂层的颗粒表面工程在材料设计和应用中备受关注。由于石油基合成聚合物涂层存在不可生物降解和生物相容性不佳的缺点，其在生物医学领域的应用受到了极大限制。此外，缺乏一种通用的表面改性方法来使不同组成、尺寸、形状和结构的颗粒功能化。因此，开发一种具有良好生物相容性和可调节生物降解性的通用生物聚合物涂层以制备功能颗粒材料至关重要，而无需考虑其表面化学和物理结构。最近，天然多糖聚合物（如壳聚糖和纤维素）、基于多酚的生物聚合物（如聚多巴胺和单宁酸）以及蛋白质（如类淀粉样聚集体）已被用于颗粒的表面改性，并且这些改性颗粒在生物医学领域的应用也得到了深入研究。在本综述中，总结了上述三种涂层在颗粒表面的制备方法，并举例说明了这些材料在药物负载/释放、生物矿化、细胞固定/保护、酶固定/保护以及抗菌/抗病毒方面的应用。最后，展望了颗粒表面工程生物聚合物涂层面临的挑战和未来研究方向。
