Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Physiology (Bethesda). 2023 Mar 1;38(2):0. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00013.2022. Epub 2022 Sep 13.
Developing a more comprehensive understanding of the physiological underpinnings of mental illness, precision medicine has the potential to revolutionize psychiatric care. With recent breakthroughs in next-generation multi-omics technologies and data analytics, it is becoming more feasible to leverage multimodal biomarkers, from genetic variants to neuroimaging biomarkers, to objectify diagnostics and treatment decisions in psychiatry and improve patient outcomes. Ongoing work in precision psychiatry will parallel progress in precision oncology and cardiology to develop an expanded suite of blood- and neuroimaging-based diagnostic tests, empower monitoring of treatment efficacy over time, and reduce patient exposure to ineffective treatments. The emerging model of precision psychiatry has the potential to mitigate some of psychiatry's most pressing issues, including improving disease classification, lengthy treatment duration, and suboptimal treatment outcomes. This narrative-style review summarizes some of the emerging breakthroughs and recurring challenges in the application of precision medicine approaches to mental health care.
发展对精神疾病生理基础的更全面理解，精准医学有可能彻底改变精神科护理。随着下一代多组学技术和数据分析的突破，利用多模态生物标志物（从遗传变异到神经影像学生物标志物）使精神病学的诊断和治疗决策客观化并改善患者预后变得更加可行。正在进行的精准精神病学工作将与精准肿瘤学和心脏病学的进展并行，开发一套扩展的基于血液和神经影像学的诊断测试，随着时间的推移增强对治疗效果的监测，并减少患者接触无效治疗的机会。精准精神病学的新兴模式有可能缓解精神病学的一些最紧迫问题，包括改善疾病分类、延长治疗时间和治疗效果不佳。这篇综述性文章总结了精准医学方法在精神卫生保健中的一些新兴突破和反复出现的挑战。
