CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Sep 15;14(9):638. doi: 10.3390/toxins14090638.
Cyanobacteria are a bloom-forming ancient group of photosynthetic prokaryotes. A rise in temperature is a major contributor to its massive proliferation, namely on freshwater ecosystems, with social and economic impacts. Thus, reliable and cost-effective tools can permit the fast surveillance and assessment of temperature effects on potentially toxic cyanobacteria distribution and impacts. The occurrence of three potentially toxic cyanobacteria species was assessed on seven sampling points across three sampling years. Moreover, the association between the occurrence of those cyanobacteria species with climate change events was addressed. Here, we combined molecular and statistical methods to study the impacts of temperature on the occurrence of three globally occurring cyanotoxin-producing cyanobacteria species- (microcystins), (cylindrospermopsins and saxitoxins) and (microcystins and saxitoxins). Samples were collected on seven European temperate freshwater systems located on the North and Centre regions of Portugal, across three distinct sampling years with distinct ranges of air temperature. Data support that is still a common inhabitant of Portuguese freshwater ecosystems and a new trend was found on recent invasion and establishment on the colder north ecosystems of Portugal. Additionally, the highest frequency of detection of both cyanobacteria was associated with warmer years. also revealed a new trend, being reported for the first time on North and Centre Regions of Portugal, however with no statistical relation with air temperature, demonstrating a higher ecological fitness. Distinct profiles of the statistical analysis on the three tested cyanobacteria species contribute to deepen the studies on other species as well as of our analyzed species on a global level. This assessment may help to anticipate possible repercussions on water quality and public health due to most probable alterations on cyanotoxins profile given the ecological fitness established among air temperature and PCR detection of potentially toxic cyanobacteria.
蓝藻是一组古老的光合原核生物，容易形成水华。温度升高是其大量繁殖的主要原因，尤其是在淡水生态系统中，会产生社会和经济影响。因此，可靠且具有成本效益的工具可以快速监测和评估温度对潜在有毒蓝藻分布和影响的作用。本研究在三个采样年份的七个采样点评估了三种潜在有毒蓝藻的发生情况。此外，还研究了这些蓝藻物种的发生与气候变化事件之间的关联。在这里，我们结合分子和统计方法来研究温度对三种全球发生的产蓝藻毒素蓝藻物种（微囊藻毒素）、（柱孢藻毒素和石房蛤毒素）和（微囊藻毒素和石房蛤毒素）出现的影响。在葡萄牙北部和中部地区的七个欧洲温带淡水系统中采集了样本，横跨三个不同的采样年份，具有不同的空气温度范围。数据表明，仍然是葡萄牙淡水生态系统的常见居民，并发现了一种新趋势，即在葡萄牙较冷的北部生态系统中，最近入侵并建立了。此外，两种蓝藻的最高检测频率都与较温暖的年份有关。也呈现出一种新趋势，这是首次在葡萄牙北部和中部地区报道，但与空气温度没有统计学关系，表明其具有更高的生态适应性。对三种测试蓝藻物种进行的统计分析的不同特征有助于深入研究其他物种，以及我们在全球范围内对分析物种的研究。这种评估可以帮助预测由于空气温度和潜在有毒蓝藻的 PCR 检测之间建立的生态适应性，可能对水质和公共健康产生的潜在影响，从而改变蓝藻毒素的特征。
