UAB/Lakeshore Research Collaborative, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 17;19(18):11741. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811741.
The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the ability of people with Parkinson disease (PwPs) and their care-partners to perform food-related activities (FRA) and PwPs' overall diet quality.
Using a convergent parallel mixed methods design, PwPs and their care-partners completed virtual dyadic semi-structured interviews about their FRA during the COVID-19 pandemic. PwPs completed Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) to quantify their dietary intake in the previous 12 months. Qualitative data were analyzed by two coders using thematic analysis, and quantitative data from FFQs were descriptively analyzed to calculate diet quality scores.
Eleven dyadic interviews revealed the following key themes: cooking more at home; changes with grocery shopping; less meals with non-household members. These changes were described to increase the care-partners' responsibilities and overall burden. Diet scores among PwPs were 73.0 ± 6.3 for the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (scale of 0-100), 29.2 ± 6.6 for the Mediterranean diet (scale of 0-55), and 10.4 ± 1.8 for the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet (scale 0-15).
Diet scores revealed that PwPs consumed a high-quality diet during the pandemic. Findings from this study highlight the need for tailored nutrition education to support PwPs' care-partners.
本混合方法研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 对帕金森病患者（PwPs）及其照护者进行与食物相关活动（FRA）的能力以及 PwPs 整体饮食质量的影响。
采用汇聚平行混合方法设计，PwPs 和他们的照护者在 COVID-19 大流行期间通过虚拟二元半结构式访谈完成了与 FRA 相关的访谈。PwPs 完成了食物频率问卷（FFQ），以量化他们在过去 12 个月的饮食摄入量。使用主题分析对定性数据进行了两位编码员的分析，对 FFQ 的定量数据进行了描述性分析，以计算饮食质量评分。
11 对访谈揭示了以下关键主题：更多在家做饭；杂货购物的变化；与非家庭成员一起用餐的次数减少。这些变化被描述为增加了照护者的责任和整体负担。PwPs 的饮食评分如下：2015 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2015）为 73.0±6.3（范围为 0-100），地中海饮食（Mediterranean diet）为 29.2±6.6（范围为 0-55），地中海-得舒饮食干预神经退行性延迟（MIND）饮食为 10.4±1.8（范围 0-15）。
饮食评分表明，PwPs 在大流行期间的饮食质量较高。本研究结果强调需要量身定制营养教育，以支持 PwPs 的照护者。
