Genome Organization and Comparative Evolutionary Mitochondriomics of Brown Planthopper, Biotype 4 Using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).

is the main rice pest in India. Until now, the Indian mitochondrial genome has not been sequenced, which is a very important basis for population genetics and phylogenetic evolution studies. An attempt was made to sequence two examples of the whole mitochondrial genome of biotype 4 from the Indian population for the first time. The mitogenomes of are 16,072 and 16,081 bp long with 77.50% and 77.45% A + T contents, respectively, for both of the samples. The mitochondrial genome of contains 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (-3, , , , , and ), 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA ( and ) subunits genes, which are typical of metazoan mitogenomes. However, both samples of mitogenome in the present study retained one extra copy of the trnC gene. Additionally, we also found 93 bp lengths for the gene in both of the samples, which were 60-70 bp less than that of the other sequenced mitogenomes of hemipteran insects. The phylogenetic analysis of the 19 delphacids mitogenome dataset yielded two identical topologies when rooted with sp. in one clade, and the remaining species formed another clade with and being sisters to the remaining species. Further, the genus formed a separate subclade with the other genera (, , , and ) of Delphacidae. Additionally, the relationship among the biotypes of was recovered as the present study samples (biotype-4) were separated from the three biotypes reported earlier. The present study provides the reference mitogenome for biotype 4 that may be utilized for biotype differentiation and molecular-aspect-based future studies of .