Schmitz Mathias, Wollast Robin, Bigot Alix, Luminet Olivier
Institute for Research in the Psychological Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS), Brussels, Belgium.
Health Psychol Behav Med. 2022 Sep 15;10(1):855-870. doi: 10.1080/21642850.2022.2120882. eCollection 2022.
Using a longitudinal design, we investigate how the adherence to handwashing and its underlying socio-psychological predictors evolved over time during the COVID-19 pandemic and under distinct circumstances (e.g. when the crisis was more acute or chronic).
We collected data ( = 753) in Belgium and France at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic when the crisis was at its peak (April 2020), and almost a year later (February 2021), when the outbreak was more manageable.
Regression models suggest that the compliance with handwashing and its pattern of underlying predictors remained remarkably stable over time despite the variations in contextual factors such as the severity of the health crisis and the stringency of health measures. As such, the findings also highlight the robustness of the models that predict it, namely the Theory of Planned Behavior. The intentions to perform the behavior, the perceived control over it, and being part of the (para)medical field were among the strongest predictors.
In practice, the stability of the underlying factors suggests a set of action levers that can be used in communication campaigns aimed at fostering its adherence throughout the pandemic.
采用纵向设计，我们研究了在新冠疫情期间以及在不同情况下（例如危机处于更严重或更长期阶段），洗手依从性及其潜在的社会心理预测因素是如何随时间演变的。
我们在比利时和法国于新冠疫情爆发初期（2020年4月，危机处于高峰期）以及近一年后（2021年2月，疫情更可控时）收集了数据（n = 753）。
回归模型表明，尽管诸如健康危机的严重程度和卫生措施的严格程度等背景因素存在差异，但洗手依从性及其潜在预测因素的模式随时间保持显著稳定。因此，研究结果还凸显了预测洗手依从性的模型，即计划行为理论的稳健性。实施该行为的意图、对其的感知控制以及属于（准）医疗领域是最强的预测因素。
在实践中，潜在因素的稳定性表明了一系列行动杠杆，可用于旨在在整个疫情期间促进洗手依从性的宣传活动。
