Prognosis of cardiogenic shock secondary to culprit left main coronary artery lesion-related myocardial infarction.

AIMS

This study aimed to assess, in patients with cardiogenic shock secondary to unprotected left main coronary artery-related myocardial infarction (ULMCA-related AMICS), the incidence and predictors of no recovery of left ventricular function during the admission.

METHODS AND RESULTS

This was an observational study conducted at two tertiary care centres (2012-20). The main outcome measured was death or requirement for heart transplantation (HT) or left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) during the admission. A total of 70 patients were included. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was successful in 53/70 patients (75.7%). The combined endpoint of death or requirement of HT or LVAD during the admission occurred in 41/70 patients (58.6%). The highest incidence of the primary endpoint was observed among patients with profound shock and occluded left main coronary artery (LMCA) (20/23, 87%, P < 0.001). Although a successful PCI reduced the incidence of the event in the whole cohort (51.9% vs. 82.4% in failed PCI, P = 0.026), this association was not observed among this last group of complex patients (86.7% vs. 87.5% in failed PCI, P = 0.731). The predictive model included left ventricular ejection fraction, baseline ULMCA Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow, and severity of shock and showed an optimal ability for predicting death or requirements for HT or LVAD during the admission (area under the curve 0.865, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

ULMCA-related AMICS was associated with a high in-hospital mortality or need for HT or LVAD. Prognosis was especially poor among patients with profound shock and baseline occluded LMCA, with a low probability of recovery regardless of successful PCI.