Ahmed Musa, Abdulslam Abdullah Abdullah, Bello Idris, Hamad Suad, Bashir Aboelgassim
Department of Reproductive Health Sciences, Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 119, Oyo state, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anaesthesia, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ALsalam University, Al-fula 120, West Kordofan state, Sudan.
World J Methodol. 2022 Jul 20;12(4):305-318. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i4.305.
There are three main forms of leishmaniasis in humans: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. The prevalence of human leishmaniasis varies widely in different countries and different regions of the same country. To date, there is no overall estimation of the prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan.
To determine the pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis and the disease risk factors among Sudanese citizens.
From all articles written in English or Arabic languages conducted before the 4th of August 2021 from [Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and MEDLINE, African Journals Online (AJOL), ResearchGate, direct Google search, Google Scholar, and universities websites], just 20 articles with a total of 230960 participants were eligible for this study. Data synthesis and analysis were done using STATA software, version 16. EndNote citation manager version X9.3.3 and () were used to remove the duplicated studies and manage the citation respectively.
The overall pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan was 21% (with confidence interval 12%-30%). CL was the most common type of leishmaniasis in Sudan, with a pooled prevalence of 26% followed by VL (18%). Nevertheless, the pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan was higher in males compared with females (60% 40%). The current results revealed that the people in the age group between 15 and 44 were the most affected group (60%), and central Sudan has the highest pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis (27%) compared with other regions of Sudan. Finally, the prevalence of human leishmaniasis seems to decrease with time.
This study showed that human leishmaniasis infection is still endemic in many regions in Sudan and highly prevalent in central and eastern Sudan, and CL is the most prevalent in the country. Males and adults were more susceptible to infection compared with females and children. However, the human leishmaniasis prevalence decreased relatively over time.
人类利什曼病主要有三种形式：皮肤利什曼病（CL）、内脏利什曼病（VL）和黏膜皮肤利什曼病。人类利什曼病的患病率在不同国家以及同一国家的不同地区差异很大。迄今为止，苏丹尚未对人类利什曼病的患病率进行全面评估。
确定苏丹公民中人类利什曼病的合并患病率及其疾病危险因素。
从2021年8月4日前发表的所有英文或阿拉伯文文章（来自Scopus、科学网、PubMed、MEDLINE、非洲期刊在线数据库（AJOL）、ResearchGate、谷歌直接搜索、谷歌学术以及各大学网站）中，仅有20篇文章、共230960名参与者符合本研究要求。使用STATA软件16版进行数据综合与分析。分别使用EndNote文献管理软件X9.3.3版和（）去除重复研究并管理文献引用。
苏丹人类利什曼病的总体合并患病率为21%（置信区间为12% - 30%）。CL是苏丹最常见的利什曼病类型，合并患病率为26%，其次是VL（18%）。然而，苏丹男性人类利什曼病的合并患病率高于女性（60%对40%）。当前结果显示，15至44岁年龄组的人群受影响最大（60%），与苏丹其他地区相比，苏丹中部人类利什曼病的合并患病率最高（27%）。最后，人类利什曼病的患病率似乎随时间下降。
本研究表明，人类利什曼病感染在苏丹许多地区仍然流行，在苏丹中部和东部高度流行，且CL在该国最为普遍。与女性和儿童相比，男性和成年人更容易感染。然而，随着时间推移，人类利什曼病的患病率相对下降。
